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< / div > < div class = "- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody" > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "spi_nand_configuration__section_tbw_cqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_tbw_cqy_c1c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 配置驱动层次关系< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e28__20250121171531" > SPI NAND 属于 SPI 的从设备，在内核中相关驱动通过 < code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > SPI MEM< / code > 对接到 SPI 子系统。< ol class = "- topic/ol ol" id = "spi_nand_configuration__ol_ycc_ggb_ndc" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__ol_ycc_ggb_ndc" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e34__20250121171531" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e36__20250121171531" > < strong class = "+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b" > SPI 控制器初始化< / strong > < / p >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e40__20250121171531" > 在初始化过程中，
中：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_lqy_dqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_lqy_dqy_c1c" > aic_spi_probe(dev);
|-> spi_register_controller(ctlr);/spi_register_master(ctlr);/ spi_register_master 是一个宏
|-> of_register_spi_devices(ctlr);
|-> spi = of_register_spi_device(ctlr, nc);
|-> spi = spi_alloc_device(ctlr);
|-> of_spi_parse_dt(ctlr, spi, nc);
|-> rc = spi_add_device(spi);
< em class = "hl-comment" > // 将 SPI device 添加到 SPI 总线 spi_bus_type 中< / em > < / pre > < / div >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e47__20250121171531" > < strong class = "+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b" > 设备匹配与驱动加载< / strong > :< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e51__20250121171531" > 在调用 < code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > spi_add_device< / code >
的过程中，会查找和匹配对应设备的驱动程序。如发现对应的驱动程序未被添加到系统中，则先将设备添加到
BUS， < / p > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e56__20250121171531" > SPI NAND 模块的驱动源码路径为
< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > source/linux-5.10/drivers/mtd/nand/spi/< / span > 。< / p > < / li > < / ol >
< / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "spi_nand_configuration__section_wbw_cqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_wbw_cqy_c1c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 修改 DTS< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e68__20250121171531" > 要在实际项目中使用 SPI NAND 设备，还需要修改 DTS 配置文件，详细流程如下所示：< ol class = "- topic/ol ol" id = "spi_nand_configuration__ol_pd1_wgb_ndc" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__ol_pd1_wgb_ndc" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e71__20250121171531" >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e73__20250121171531" > 在 < span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > board.dts< / span > 中具体的 SPI 控制器下添加
< code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > spi-nand< / code >
设备。< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_izd_gqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_izd_gqy_c1c" > & spi1 {
pinctrl-names = < span class = "hl-string" > "default"< / span > ;
pinctrl-< span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > = < & spi1_pins_a> ;
status = < span class = "hl-string" > "okay"< / span > ;
spi-max-frequency = < < span class = "hl-number" > 100000000< / span > > ;
spi-flash@< span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > {
#address-cells = < < span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > > ;
#size-cells = < < span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > > ;
compatible = < span class = "hl-string" > "spi-nand"< / span > ; < em class = "hl-comment" > //固定值，所有 SPINand 驱动均声明此< / em >
spi-max-frequency = < < span class = "hl-number" > 100000000< / span > > ; < em class = "hl-comment" > //最大频率，固定值< / em >
spi-tx-bus-width = < < span class = "hl-number" > 4< / span > > ;
spi-rx-bus-width = < < span class = "hl-number" > 4< / span > > ;
reg = < < span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > > ; < em class = "hl-comment" > //固定值，一般不需修改< / em >
status = < span class = "hl-string" > "okay"< / span > ;
};
};< / pre > < / div >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e84__20250121171531" >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e86__20250121171531" > 在 < span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > board-u-boot.dtsi< / span > 文件中，将添加的
< code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > spi-nand< / code > 设备标记为
< kbd class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/userinput ph userinput" > u-boot,dm-pre-reloc< / kbd > ，确保 SPL
能够识别和使用该设备。< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_nsp_fqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_nsp_fqy_c1c" > & spi1 {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
spi-flash@< span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
};
};< / pre > < / div >
< / li > < / ol > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "spi_nand_configuration__section_zbw_cqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_zbw_cqy_c1c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 配置 BUS Width< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e106__20250121171531" > 根据 SPI NAND 芯片的总线宽度，正确设置 < code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > spi-tx-bus-width< / code > 和
< code class = "+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph" > spi-rx-bus-width< / code > ： < ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "spi_nand_configuration__ul_acw_cqy_c1c" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__ul_acw_cqy_c1c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e115__20250121171531" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e117__20250121171531" > 标准 SPI NAND 配置为 1< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e120__20250121171531" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e122__20250121171531" > Dual SPI NAND 配置为 2< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d93658e125__20250121171531" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e127__20250121171531" > Quad SPI NAND 配置为 4< / p >
< / li > < / ul > < / div >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d93658e131__20250121171531" > 宽总线的 SPI NAND 芯片可以在窄总线下工作，虽然宽总线设备会出现读写速度损失。例如，对于 Quad SPI
NAND， ： < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_fsm_2hb_ndc" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__codeblock_fsm_2hb_ndc" > spi-tx-bus-width = < < span class = "hl-number" > 4< / span > > ;
spi-rx-bus-width = < < span class = "hl-number" > 4< / span > > ;< / pre > < / div >
< div class = "- topic/note note note note_note" id = "spi_nand_configuration__note_xrf_jhb_ndc" data-ofbid = "spi_nand_configuration__note_xrf_jhb_ndc" > < span class = "note__title" > 注：< / span > 窄总线设备无法在宽总线模式下工作。< / div >
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< div class = " wh_topic_toc " > < div class = "wh_topic_label" > 在本页上< / div > < ul > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#spi_nand_configuration__section_tbw_cqy_c1c" data-tocid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_tbw_cqy_c1c" > 配置驱动层次关系< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#spi_nand_configuration__section_wbw_cqy_c1c" data-tocid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_wbw_cqy_c1c" > 修改 DTS< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#spi_nand_configuration__section_zbw_cqy_c1c" data-tocid = "spi_nand_configuration__section_zbw_cqy_c1c" > 配置 BUS Width< / a > < / div > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
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