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< / div > < div class = "- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody" > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_t3p_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_t3p_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 串口芯片< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e27__20250121171608" > 在驱动代码说明开始前先介绍几种通用的串口芯片。< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_jwj_nbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_jwj_nbz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e30__20250121171608" > 8250：
及兼容机使用的第一种串口芯片。这是一种相对来说很慢的芯片， ， ， < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e32__20250121171608" > 16450： < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e34__20250121171608" > 16550/16550A： （ ） < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e36__20250121171608" > AIC UART 模块是一 16550A
UART，
私有的代码的方式实现我们的驱动。< / p > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_x3p_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_x3p_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 驱动配置宏< / h2 >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e44__20250121171608" > 因为 8250 驱动兼容很多后续开发的串口芯片，因此有非常多的编译功能配置项。< / p >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e47__20250121171608" > menuconfig 中位置：< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > device drivers/Character devices/8250 16550 and compatible
serial support< / span > 。关键配置项说明如下：< / p >
< div class = "table-container" > < table class = "- topic/table table frame-all" id = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c" data-cols = "2" > < caption class = "- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side = "top" data-is-repeated = "true" > < span class = "table--title-label" > 表< span class = "table--title-label-number" > 1< / span > < span class = "table--title-label-punctuation" > . < / span > < / span > < span class = "table--title" > 关键配置项< / span > < / caption > < colgroup > < col style = "width:67.42671009771986%" / > < col style = "width:32.57328990228013%" / > < / colgroup > < thead class = "- topic/thead thead" > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" id = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > 配置项< / th > < th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" id = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 说明< / th > < / tr > < / thead > < tbody class = "- topic/tbody tbody" > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_DEPRECATED_OPTIONS: Support 8250_core.* kernel
options (DEPRECATED)< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 3.7 版本的错误，不应该打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_PNP: 8250/16550 PNP device support< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_16550A_VARIANTS: 16550A serial port< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_FINTEK: Fintek F81216A LPC to 4 UART RS485
API< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_CONSOLE: 8250/16550 and compatible serial
port< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_DMA: DMA support for 16550 compatible UART
controllers< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_NR_UARTS: Maximum number of 8250/16550 serial
ports< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 设置为 8< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_RUNTIME_UARTS: Number of 8250/16550 serial ports to
register at runtime< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 设置为 8< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_EXTENDED: Extended 8250/16550 serial driver
options< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 没有使用，无关系< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_MANY_PORTS< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 没有使用，无关系< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_SHARE_IRQ: Support for sharing serial
interrupts< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_RSA: Support RSA serial ports< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开，没有使用< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_8250_DW: Support for Synopsys DesignWare 8250
quirks< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开，不需要兼容< / td > < / tr > < tr class = "- topic/row" > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__1" > SERIAL_OF_PLATFORM: Device tree based probing for 8250
ports< / td > < td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_design_intro__table_a2s_sbz_21c__entry__2" > 不打开，使用 AIC 定义的 OF< / td > < / tr > < / tbody > < / table > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_ojp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_ojp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 寄存器< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e143__20250121171608" > 8250 驱动使用索引来定义寄存器，地址的计算方式为索引 * 位宽。 AIC UART 的寄存器大致可分为两种：< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_d4k_bcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_d4k_bcz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e146__20250121171608" > 标准寄存器： ，
对如下 3 个寄存器值有修改< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_gc1_dcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_gc1_dcz_21c" > #< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > UART_IER < span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /*Interrupt Enable: Shifter_Reg_Empty_EN*/< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > UART_IIR < span class = "hl-number" > 2< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /*Interrupt Identity： < / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > UART_MCR < span class = "hl-number" > 4< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /*Modem Control： < / em > < / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e150__20250121171608" > 扩展寄存器： ，
中定义< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_pnf_dcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_pnf_dcz_21c" > #< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_USR < span class = "hl-number" > 0x1f< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* UART Status Register */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_TFL < span class = "hl-number" > 0x20< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* transmit FIFO level */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_RFL < span class = "hl-number" > 0x21< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* Receive FIFO Level */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_HSK < span class = "hl-number" > 0x22< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* DMA Handshake Configuration */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_HALT < span class = "hl-number" > 0x29< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* Halt tx register */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_DLL < span class = "hl-number" > 0x2C< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* DBG DLL */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_DLH < span class = "hl-number" > 0x2D< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* DBG DLH */< / em >
#< span class = "hl-directive" > define< / span > AIC_REG_UART_RS485 < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30< / span > < em class = "hl-comment" > /* RS485 control status register */< / em > < / pre > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_tjp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_tjp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 程序入口< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e160__20250121171608" >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_jgx_2cz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_jgx_2cz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e163__20250121171608" > 8250_core：
完成其工作， ： < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_ic5_fcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_ic5_fcz_21c" > module_init(serial8250_init);
module_exit(serial8250_exit);< / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e167__20250121171608" > aic-uart：
驱动的入口，声明驱动和初始化私有寄存器/逻辑， ： < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_fsc_hcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_fsc_hcz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > static< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > const< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > of_device_id aic8250_of_match[] = {
{ .compatible = < span class = "hl-string" > "artinchip,aic-uart-v1.0"< / span > },
{ < em class = "hl-comment" > /* Sentinel */< / em > }
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, aic8250_of_match);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > static< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > platform_driver aic8250_platform_driver = {
.driver = {
.name = AICUART_DRIVER_NAME,
.pm = & aic8250_pm_ops,
.of_match_table = aic8250_of_match,
},
.probe = aic8250_probe,
.remove = aic8250_remove,
};
module_platform_driver(aic8250_platform_driver);< / pre > < / li > < / ul >
< / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_xjp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_xjp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 数据结构< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e178__20250121171608" >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_er4_3cz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_er4_3cz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e181__20250121171608" > uart_8250_port< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e183__20250121171608" > 声明在 include/linux/serial_8250.h 中， ： ，
驱动中未进行任何设置，只 overlay 了 AIC 平台的 rs485 设置函数， 其他完全使用 8250_core.c
中参数。uart_8250_port 的初始化在
8250_core.c： < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_yjp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_yjp_lbz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port {
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port port;
…
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _dma *dma;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > const< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _ops *ops;
< em class = "hl-comment" > /* 8250 specific callbacks */< / em >
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > (*dl_read)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port *);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > void< / strong > (*dl_write)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port *, < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > );
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _em485 *em485;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > void< / strong > (*rs485_start_tx)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port *);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > void< / strong > (*rs485_stop_tx)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port *);
.dl_read = default_serial_dl_read
.dl_write = default_serial_dl_write
.rs485_config = aic8250_rs485_config;
.rs485 = NULL;
.rs485_start_tx = NULL;
.rs485_stop_tx = NULL;
< / pre > < / div > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e187__20250121171608" > uart_port： ， ：
include/linux/serial_core.h， < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_ugk_kcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_ugk_kcz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port {
spinlock_t lock; < em class = "hl-comment" > /* port lock */< / em >
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > long< / strong > iobase; < em class = "hl-comment" > /* in/out */< / em >
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > char< / strong > __iomem *membase; < em class = "hl-comment" > /* read/write */< / em >
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > (*serial_in)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port *, < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > );
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > void< / strong > (*serial_out)(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port *, < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > , < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > );
... ...< / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e191__20250121171608" > aic8250_data< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_pg4_lcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_pg4_lcz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > aic8250_data {
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > aic8250_port_data data;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > msr_mask_on;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > msr_mask_off;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > clk *clk;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > reset_control *rst;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 16550< / span > _compatible:< span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > ;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > tx_empty;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > rs485simple; < em class = "hl-comment" > //compact-io mode< / em >
};< / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e195__20250121171608" > Operations： < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e197__20250121171608" > 蓝色接口为可以在用户的驱动中定制，否则使用 core 中标准接口。< / p > < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_dkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_dkp_lbz_21c" > .handle_irq = aic8250_handle_irq;
.pm = aic8250_do_pm;
.serial_in = aic8250_serial_in32;
.serial_out = aic8250_serial_out32;
.set_ldisc = aic8250_set_ldisc;
.set_termios = aic8250_set_termios;
.set_mctrl = serial8250_set_mctrl, < em class = "hl-comment" > //set modem control, 包括 termios 和 modem 的转换， ： < / em >
.get_mctrl = serial8250_get_mctrl, < em class = "hl-comment" > //get modem control< / em >
.startup = serial8250_startup, < em class = "hl-comment" > //寄存器初始化< / em >
.shutdown = serial8250_shutdown, < em class = "hl-comment" > //< / em >
.get_divisor = serial8250_do_get_divisor
.set_divisor = serial8250_do_set_divisor
.handle_break =
.tx_empty = serial8250_tx_empty < em class = "hl-comment" > //Line Status: Transmitter Empty & TX Holding Register Empty< / em >
.stop_tx = serial8250_stop_tx, < em class = "hl-comment" > //serial8250_clear_THRI， ， ： ， ： < / em >
.start_tx = serial8250_start_tx, < em class = "hl-comment" > //serial8250_set_THRI， ， ： ， ： < / em >
.throttle = serial8250_throttle, < em class = "hl-comment" > //synclink_gt.c， < / em >
.unthrottle = serial8250_unthrottle,
.stop_rx = serial8250_stop_rx, < em class = "hl-comment" > //Interrupt Enable Reg， ： ， ： < / em >
.enable_ms = serial8250_enable_ms, < em class = "hl-comment" > //Interrupt Enable Reg， ： < / em >
.break_ctl = serial8250_break_ctl, < em class = "hl-comment" > //Line Control Reg， ： < / em >
.type = serial8250_type, < em class = "hl-comment" > //8250 or 16550 or TI16750< / em >
.release_port = serial8250_release_port, < em class = "hl-comment" > //release_mem_region< / em >
.request_port= serial8250_request_port,< em class = "hl-comment" > //request_mem_region< / em >
.config_port = serial8250_config_port, < em class = "hl-comment" > //< / em >
.verify_port = serial8250_verify_port,
< / pre > < / li > < / ul >
< / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_ngq_ncz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_ngq_ncz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 关键流程< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e208__20250121171608" >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_ywy_ncz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_ywy_ncz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e211__20250121171608" > serial8250_init< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_ekp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_ekp_lbz_21c" > serial8250_init
|--> serial8250_isa_init_ports
|--> UART_NR < em class = "hl-comment" > //8 个< / em >
|--> serial8250_init_port
|--> port-> ops = & serial8250_pops; < em class = "hl-comment" > //标准 ops< / em >
|--> serial8250_set_defaults < em class = "hl-comment" > //io， ， ， < / em >
|--> serial8250_isa_config
|--> uart_register_driver
|--> serial8250_pnp_init
|--> platform_device_add
|--> serial8250_register_ports
|--> platform_driver_register
< / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e215__20250121171608" > aic8250_probe< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_fkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_fkp_lbz_21c" > aic8250_probe
|--> regs = platform_get_resource
|--> platform_get_irq
|--> p-> handle_irq = aic8250_handle_irq;
|--> p-> pm = aic8250_do_pm;
|--> p-> type = PORT_< span class = "hl-number" > 16550< / span >
|--> p-> serial_in = aic8250_serial_in32;
|--> p-> serial_out = aic8250_serial_out32;
|--> p-> set_ldisc = aic8250_set_ldisc;
|--> p-> set_termios = aic8250_set_termios;
|--> p-> regshift = dts:reg-shift, reg < span class = "hl-number" > 32< / span > bit
|--> Prepare clk
|--> prepare reset
|--> aic8250_apply_quirks : 处理 aic 私有逻辑， ， ， ，
|--> aic8250_init_special_reg
|--> data-> data.line = serial8250_register_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port： < strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > port number
|--> platform_set_drvdata
< / pre > < / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e219__20250121171608" > serial8250_register_8250_port< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_gkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_gkp_lbz_21c" > serial8250_register_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port
|--> < strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > port number
|--> serial8250_find_match_or_unused
|--> copy aic uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port to local uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port
|--> uart_get_rs485_mode：
|--> rs485-rts-delay， ， ， ，
|--> mctrl_gpio_init: < em class = "hl-comment" > //null< / em >
|--> serial8250_set_defaults < em class = "hl-comment" > //io,dma,fifosize setting< / em >
|--> serial8250_apply_quirks
|--> uart_add_one_port
< / pre > < / li > < / ul >
< / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_hkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_hkp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > RS485< / h2 >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e230__20250121171608" > ArtInChip 的 RS485 有两种工作模式：< / p >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_ikp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_ikp_lbz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e234__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e236__20250121171608" > 标准模式：标准 RS485 接口，有 B+/B-两根数据线和发送使能，共三线< / p >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e239__20250121171608" > 通过在 < span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > board.dts< / span > 中添加
< span class = "+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname" > linux,rs485-enabled-at-boot-time< / span > 配置为 RS485
模式，代码流为：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_lcq_qcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_lcq_qcz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > static< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > void< / strong > aic8250_apply_quirks(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > device *dev, < strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port *p,
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > aic8250_data *data)
{
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > device_node *np = p-> dev-> of_node;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > id;
uart_get_rs485_mode(p);
}
drivers/tty/serial/serial_core.c
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > uart_get_rs485_mode(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port *port)
{
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (device_property_read_bool(dev, < span class = "hl-string" > "linux,rs485-enabled-at-boot-time"< / span > ))
rs485conf-> flags |= SER_RS485_ENABLED;
}< / pre > < / div >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e250__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e252__20250121171608" > 精简模式：为 ArtInChip 定制版，使用单数据线进行数据传输，加发送使能共二线< / p >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e255__20250121171608" > 精简模式 RS485 首先是 RS485，
< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > board.dts< / span > 中添加
< span class = "+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname" > aic,rs485-compact-io-mode< / span >
完成配置，代码流为：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_evr_rcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_evr_rcz_21c" > drivers/tty/serial/serial_artinchip.c
aic8250_apply_quirks:
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (device_property_read_bool(dev, < span class = "hl-string" > "aic,rs485-compact-io-mode"< / span > ))
data-> rs485simple = < span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > ;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > static< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > aic8250_rs485_config(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_port *p,
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > serial_rs485 *prs485)
{
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > aic8250_data *d = to_aic8250_data(p-> private_data);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > mcr = p-> serial_in(p, UART_MCR);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > unsigned< / strong > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > rs485 = p-> serial_in(p, AIC_REG_UART_RS485);
mcr & = AIC_UART_MCR_FUNC_MASK;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (prs485-> flags & SER_RS485_ENABLED) {
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (d-> rs485simple)
mcr |= AIC_UART_MCR_RS485S;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > else< / strong >
mcr |= AIC_UART_MCR_RS485;
rs485 |= AIC_UART_RS485_RXBFA;
rs485 & = ~AIC_UART_RS485_CTL_MODE;
} < strong class = "hl-keyword" > else< / strong > {
mcr = AIC_UART_MCR_UART;
rs485 & = ~AIC_UART_RS485_RXBFA;
}
p-> serial_out(p, UART_MCR, mcr);
p-> serial_out(p, AIC_REG_UART_RS485, rs485);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > < span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > ;
}< / pre > < / div >
< / li > < / ul >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_nkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_nkp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > DMA< / h2 >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e272__20250121171608" > AIC 的 DMA 和标准的 DMA 有 一点使用不同，限制了我们只能使用自己私有的 DMA 接口，主要差别点在于我们必须设置 UART FIFO 中 的数据长度进行 DMA
搬运才不会出错，测试的逻辑为：< / p >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_okp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_okp_lbz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e276__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e278__20250121171608" > 如果设置了 FIFO 的中断触发为 1/2， < / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e281__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e283__20250121171608" > 如果这个时候 UAR T 在继续接收，则 FIFO 中的数据会按 4bytes/次 的速度增加< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e286__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e288__20250121171608" > 如果设置了 DMA 接收长度为 64， < / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e291__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e293__20250121171608" > 如果设置了 DM A 接收长度为 1024， ， < / p >
< / li > < / ul >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e297__20250121171608" > 因此 AIC 的 DMA 处理逻辑为：< / p >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_pkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_pkp_lbz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e301__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e303__20250121171608" > 收到 data ready 中断后，先停掉 UART 的接收，防止 FIFO 中数据增加< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e306__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e308__20250121171608" > 读取当时 FIFO 中数据的长度，作为 DMA 的参数进行数据搬移< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e311__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e313__20250121171608" > DMA 搬移成功后重启 UART 数据接收< / p >
< / li > < / ul >
< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__pre_qkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__pre_qkp_lbz_21c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > aic8250_dma_rx(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _port *p)
{
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > uart_< span class = "hl-number" > 8250< / span > _dma *dma = p-> dma;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > struct< / strong > dma_async_tx_descriptor *desc;
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (dma-> rx_running)
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > < span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > ;
aic8250_set_ier(p, false);
dma-> rx_size = p-> port.serial_in(& p-> port, AIC_REG_UART_RFL);
desc = dmaengine_prep_slave_single(dma-> rxchan, dma-> rx_addr,
dma-> rx_size, DMA_DEV_TO_MEM,
DMA_PREP_INTERRUPT | DMA_CTRL_ACK);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > if< / strong > (!desc)
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > -EBUSY;
dma-> rx_running = < span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > ;
desc-> callback = aic8250_dma_rx_complete;
desc-> callback_param = p;
dma-> rx_cookie = dmaengine_submit(desc);
dma_async_issue_pending(dma-> rxchan);
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > < span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > ;
}
< / pre >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e321__20250121171608" > < strong class = "+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b" > DMA 寄存器< / strong > < / p >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e325__20250121171608" > DMA 的所有寄存器不建议进行参数调整，使用默认值即可，但 DMA 需要工作在 HSK
模式。< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_oly_tcz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__codeblock_oly_tcz_21c" > p-> serial_out(p, AIC_REG_UART_HSK, AIC_HSK_HAND_SHAKE);< / pre > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_tkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_tkp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 修改总结< / h2 >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e335__20250121171608" > AIC 的 UART 驱动附着于 8250 标准驱动，但又有不一样的地方，总结一下修改列表< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_iyr_5cz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_iyr_5cz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e338__20250121171608" > 驱动接口< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_design_intro__ul_ukp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__ul_ukp_lbz_21c" > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e341__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e343__20250121171608" > 添加 AIC 私有接口， < / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e346__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e348__20250121171608" > 从 board.dst 中读取并配置 uartclk< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e351__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e353__20250121171608" > 配合 SOC 功能简化代码< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e356__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e358__20250121171608" > 移除 autoconfig 功能，因为有些 try 会导致输出乱码< / p >
< / li > < li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d140185e361__20250121171608" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e363__20250121171608" > DMA 策略添加和私有逻辑接口< / p >
< / li > < / ul > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
< / section > < section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_design_intro__section_vkp_lbz_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_design_intro__section_vkp_lbz_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > RS485 支持< / h2 >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d140185e372__20250121171608" > RS485 的支持需要设置 Modem_Control 和 RS485 Control and Status 两个寄存器，添加了 aic8250_rs485_config
处理接口< / p >
< / section > < / div > < / article > < / main > < / div >
< / div >
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< div class = " wh_topic_toc " > < div class = "wh_topic_label" > 在本页上< / div > < ul > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_t3p_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_t3p_lbz_21c" > 串口芯片< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_x3p_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_x3p_lbz_21c" > 驱动配置宏< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_ojp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_ojp_lbz_21c" > 寄存器< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_tjp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_tjp_lbz_21c" > 程序入口< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_xjp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_xjp_lbz_21c" > 数据结构< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_ngq_ncz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_ngq_ncz_21c" > 关键流程< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_hkp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_hkp_lbz_21c" > RS485< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_nkp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_nkp_lbz_21c" > DMA< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_tkp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_tkp_lbz_21c" > 修改总结< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_design_intro__section_vkp_lbz_21c" data-tocid = "uart_design_intro__section_vkp_lbz_21c" > RS485 支持< / a > < / div > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
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