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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/boot/load-SDFAT32.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">SDFAT32 加载</h1><div class="date inPage">25 Dec 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 2 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e22__20250121171740">SDFAT32 启动方式更为简单，不需要专业的烧录工具进行烧写，只需要将镜像文件复制到 SD 卡即可。</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e24__20250121171740">
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="sdfat32__fig_vhv_tbx_5dc" data-ofbid="sdfat32__fig_vhv_tbx_5dc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="sdfat32__image_igl_w1h_bzb" src="../../../images/boot/load_diff.png"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">MMC 与 SD 卡启动差异</span></figcaption></figure>
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</div><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e31__20250121171740">SDFAT32 是基于 MMC 建立的，加载程序也在 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">spl_mmc.c</span> 中实现：<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdfat32__ol_mft_vbx_5dc" data-ofbid="sdfat32__ol_mft_vbx_5dc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d270588e37__20250121171740">使用下列宏参数将 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">spl_mmc_load_image</span> 函数添加到
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.u_boot_list_2_spl_image_loader_*
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段。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="sdfat32__codeblock_tx1_xbx_5dc" data-ofbid="sdfat32__codeblock_tx1_xbx_5dc">SPL_LOAD_IMAGE_METHOD(“MMC2”, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, BOOT_DEVICE_MMC2, spl_mmc_load_image);</pre></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d270588e44__20250121171740">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e46__20250121171740">在 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">board_init_r(gd_t *dummy1, ulong dummy2)</code> 函数中，调用
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<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">boot_from_devices</span> 从 device
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中选择启动介质，通过启动介质选择对应的加载程序，获取启动镜像。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="sdfat32__codeblock_t2y_ksy_c1c" data-ofbid="sdfat32__codeblock_t2y_ksy_c1c"><em class="hl-comment">// source/uboot-2021.10/common/spl/spl.c</em>
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boot_from_devices
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 这里会传递一个空的 info 结构体，以及传递一个启动设备的列表，这里为第一个值为 BOOT_DEVICE_MMC2</em>
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|->spl_ll_find_loader(bootdev); <em class="hl-comment">// bootdev=BOOT_DEVICE_MMC2,根据 bootdev 查找 spl_load_image 指针</em>
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|->spl_load_image(spl_image, loader); <em class="hl-comment">// 这里已经获取到对应启动设备的加载器</em>
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|->loader->load_image(spl_image, &bootdev); <em class="hl-comment">// 调用加载器的实现函数 spl_mmc_load_image</em></pre></div>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d270588e57__20250121171740">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e59__20250121171740">进入到对应启动介质的加载程序中，通过 NAME 指定启动镜像配置文件，从中获取镜像在 SD
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卡中的实际地址。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="sdfat32__codeblock_dyf_lsy_c1c" data-ofbid="sdfat32__codeblock_dyf_lsy_c1c"><em class="hl-comment">// source/uboot-2021.10/common/spl/spl_fat.c</em>
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spl_mmc_load_image
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|->spl_mmc_load(spl_image, bootdev,...); <em class="hl-comment">// 这里 CONFIG_SPL_FS_LOAD_PAYLOAD_NAME=bootcfg.txt</em>
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|->spl_mmc_find_device(&mmc, bootdev->boot_device); <em class="hl-comment">// 先找 mmc 设备</em>
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|->mmc_init(mmc); <em class="hl-comment">// 再进行 mmc 设备的初始化</em>
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|->spl_mmc_boot_mode(bootdev->boot_device);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 选择启动方式，这里获取到的是 FS 方式启动</em>
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|->spl_mmc_do_fs_boot(spl_image, mmc, filename); <em class="hl-comment">// filename 为 bootcfg.txt</em>
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|->aic_spl_load_image_fat(spl_image, mmc_get_blk_desc(mmc), filename);
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|->blk_dread(cur_dev, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, <span class="hl-number">1</span>, header);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 读取 SD 卡的第 0 块。</em>
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|->check_identifier(header); <em class="hl-comment">// 检测 SD 卡的分区类型选择启动方式</em>
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|->load_image_from_mbr_part_fat32(header, filename); <em class="hl-comment">// 以 MBR 分区格式去加载镜像</em>
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|->blk_dread(cur_dev, part.lba_start, <span class="hl-number">1</span>, header);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 读取 LBA 起始地址</em>
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|->check_identifier(header); <em class="hl-comment">// 检测 SD 卡分区类型是否为 FAT32</em>
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|->load_image_from_raw_volume_fat32(part.lba_start, header, filename);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 BPB 内容</em>
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|->load_image_file(header, filename);
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|->aic_fat_read_file(filename, (u8 *)header, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, <span class="hl-number">1024</span>, &actread);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 查找并读取 txt 文件内容到 header 地址</em>
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|->boot_cfg_parse_file((u8 *)header, actread, <span class="hl-string">"boot1"</span>, ...);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 解析 txt 信息，获取 image 名称，解析 Boot 的大小，以及相对</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// image 文件中 Boot 所在的偏移地址</em>
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|->aic_fat_read_file(imgname, header, ...); <em class="hl-comment">//读取 image 文件的 header</em>
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|->spl_parse_image_header(spl_image, header);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 解析 Boot 中前 64 个字节内容，设置加载地址</em>
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|->aic_fat_read_file(imgname, (u8 *)spl_image->load_addr, ...);
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 读取 Boot 镜像到 spl_image->load_addr 地址。</em>
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|->board_init_r(); <em class="hl-comment">// 跳转回 board_init_r()继续执行</em></pre></div>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d270588e64__20250121171740">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d270588e66__20250121171740">读取 Boot 镜像到内存后，跳转回
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board_init_r()继续执行<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="sdfat32__codeblock_ukk_lsy_c1c" data-ofbid="sdfat32__codeblock_ukk_lsy_c1c"><em class="hl-comment">// source/uboot-2021.10/common/spl/spl.c</em>
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board_init_r()
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|->spl_perform_fixups <em class="hl-comment">// vendor hook，用于修改 tree 传递参数</em>
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|->jump_to_image_no_args(&spl_image);
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|->image_entry = (image_entry_withargs_t)spl_image->entry_point; <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 Boot 加载地址</em>
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|->set_boot_device(boot_param, aic_get_boot_device()); <em class="hl-comment">// 设置启动介质</em>
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|->set_boot_reason(boot_param, aic_get_boot_reason()); <em class="hl-comment">// 设置启动原因（冷启动或者热启动）</em>
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|->image_entry(boot_param, cur_tm); <em class="hl-comment">// 进入 Boot 执行，并传递一些参数</em>
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</pre></div>
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