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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/boot/spl-boot-procedure.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">启动流程</h1><div class="date inPage">15 Jul 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 7 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e22__20250121171523">理解 SPL 的启动流程，关键是设备树，设备驱动模型。关于设备树，请查看设备树相关章节，设备驱动模型的介绍如下：</p><section class="- topic/section section" id="_66__section_nbj_l1h_bzb" data-ofbid="_66__section_nbj_l1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">uboot 设备驱动框架模型</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e29__20250121171523">uclass <–> uclass_driver <–> udevice <–> driver <–> hardware</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e32__20250121171523">uclass 表示管理某一个类别下的所有 device;</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e35__20250121171523">uclass_driver 表示对应 uclass 的 ops 集合。</p>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="_66__section_lcv_n1h_bzb" data-ofbid="_66__section_lcv_n1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">uboot 设备驱动框架搭建的过程</h2>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e43__20250121171523">
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="_66__ol_qbj_l1h_bzb" data-ofbid="_66__ol_qbj_l1h_bzb"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e46__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e48__20250121171523">创建 udevice</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e51__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e53__20250121171523">应用 uclass 如果没有则匹配生成 uclass</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e56__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e58__20250121171523">udevice 和 uclass 绑定</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e61__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e63__20250121171523">uclass_driver 和 uclass 绑定</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e66__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e68__20250121171523">driver 和 udevice 绑定</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d75145e71__20250121171523">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e73__20250121171523">device_probe 执行，会触发 driver 调用 driver 函数</p>
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</li></ol>
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</div>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="_66__section_cmv_41h_bzb" data-ofbid="_66__section_cmv_41h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">SPL RISCV 的启动整体流程</h2>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d75145e83__20250121171523">
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<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="_66__codeblock_lmt_hlr_c1c" data-ofbid="_66__codeblock_lmt_hlr_c1c">_start <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
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|-> save_boot_params <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/lowlevel_init.S</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// BROM 跳转到 SPL 执行的时候，传递了一些参数，这里首先需要将这些参数保存起来</em>
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|
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|-> csrw MODE_PREFIX(ie), zero <em class="hl-comment">// Disable irq</em>
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|-> li t1, CONFIG_SPL_STACK <em class="hl-comment">// 设置 sp 寄存器</em>
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|-> jal board_init_f_alloc_reserve <em class="hl-comment">// common/init/board_init.c</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 预留初始 HEAP 的空间</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 预留 GD 全局变量的空间</em>
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|
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|-> jal board_init_f_init_reserve
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| <em class="hl-comment">// common/init/board_init.c, init gd area</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 此时 gd 在 SPL STACK 中。</em>
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|
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|-> jal icache_enable <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/c906/cache.c 使能指令高速缓存</em>
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|-> jal dcache_enable <em class="hl-comment">// 使能数据高速缓存</em>
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|
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|-> jal debug_uart_init <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/serial/ns16550.c</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 初始化调试串口，如果使能</em>
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|
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|-> board_init_f <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/lib/spl.c</em>
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| |-> spl_early_init() <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
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| |-> spl_common_init(setup_malloc = true) <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
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| |-> fdtdec_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c 获取 dtb 的地址，并验证合法性</em>
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 只对带有“u-boot,dm-pre-reloc”属性节点进行解析，初始化驱动模型的根节点，扫描设备树创建 udevice,uclass</em>
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| |-> dm_init_and_scan(!CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(OF_PLATDATA)); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
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| |-> dm_init(); <em class="hl-comment">// driver model, initiate virtual root driver</em>
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| | |-> INIT_LIST_HEAD(DM_UCLASS_ROOT_NON_CONST); <em class="hl-comment">// 初始化 uclass 链表</em>
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| | |-> device_bind_by_name()
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| | | | <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
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| | | | <em class="hl-comment">// 加载"root_driver"name, gd->dm_root</em>
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| | | |-> lists_driver_lookup_name()
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| | | | |-> ll_entry_start(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> driver, driver); <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 table 起始位置</em>
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| | | | |-> ll_entry_count(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> driver, driver); <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 table 长度</em>
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| | | | <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/lists.c</em>
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| | | | <em class="hl-comment">// 采用 U_BOOT_DRIVER(name) 声明的 driver，从 table 中获取 struct driver 数据</em>
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| | | |
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| | | | <em class="hl-comment">// 初始化 udevice 与对应的 uclass,driver 绑定</em>
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| | | |-> device_bind_common(); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
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| | | |-> uclass_get(&uc)
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| | | | |-> uclass_find(id); <em class="hl-comment">// 判断对应的 uclass 是否存在</em>
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| | | | |-> uclass_add(id, ucp); <em class="hl-comment">// 如果不存在就创建</em>
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| | | | |-> lists_uclass_lookup(id); <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 driver 结构体数据</em>
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| | | |-> uclass_bind_device(dev) <em class="hl-comment">// uclass 绑定 udevice drivers/core/uclass.c</em>
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| | | |-> drv->bind(dev) <em class="hl-comment">// driver 绑定 udevice</em>
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| | | |-> parent->driver->child_post_bind(dev)
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| | | |-> uc->uc_drv->post_bind(dev)
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| | |
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| | |-> device_probe(gd->dm_root) <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
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| | |-> uclass_resolve_seq(dev) <em class="hl-comment">// 通过 dtb 解析获得设备差异数据</em>
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| | |-> uclass_pre_probe_device(dev); <em class="hl-comment">// probe 前操作</em>
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| | |-> drv->probe(dev); <em class="hl-comment">// 执行 driver 的 probe 操作</em>
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| | |-> uclass_post_probe_device(dev); <em class="hl-comment">// probe 后操作</em>
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| |
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| |-> dm_scan(pre_reloc_only);
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描和绑定由 U_BOOT_DEVICE 声明的驱动。</em>
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 一般用在 SPL OF_PLATDATA 的情况</em>
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| |-> dm_scan_plat(pre_reloc_only);
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| | |-> lists_bind_drivers(DM_ROOT_NON_CONST, pre_reloc_only);
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| | |-> bind_drivers_pass(parent, pre_reloc_only);
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| | |-> device_bind_by_name();
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| |
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| |-> dm_extended_scan(pre_reloc_only);
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| | |-> dm_scan_fdt(pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描设备树并与设备驱动建立联系</em>
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| | | |-> dm_scan_fdt_node(gd->dm_root, ofnode_root(), pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">//扫描设备树并绑定 root 节点下的设备</em>
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| | | |-> ofnode_first_subnode(parent_node) <em class="hl-comment">// 获取设备树的第一个子节点</em>
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| | | |-> ofnode_next_subnode(node) <em class="hl-comment">// 遍历所有的子节点</em>
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| | | |-> ofnode_is_enabled(node) <em class="hl-comment">// 判断设备树的子节点是否使能</em>
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| | | |-> lists_bind_fdt(parent, node, NULL, pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">// 绑定设备树节点，创建新的 udevicd drivers/core/lists.c</em>
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| | | |-> ofnode_get_property(node, <span class="hl-string">"compatible"</span>, &compat_length); <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 compatible</em>
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| | | |-> driver_check_compatible() <em class="hl-comment">// 和 driver 比较 compatible 值</em>
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| | | |-> device_bind_with_driver_data() <em class="hl-comment">// 创建一个设备并绑定到 driver drivers/core/device.c</em>
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| | | |-> device_bind_common() <em class="hl-comment">// 创建初始化 udevice 与对应的 uclass,driver 绑定</em>
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| | |
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| | | <em class="hl-comment">// /chosen /clocks /firmware 一些节点本身不是设备，但包含一些设备，遍历其包含的设备</em>
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| | |-> dm_scan_fdt_ofnode_path(nodes[i], pre_reloc_only);
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| | |-> ofnode_path(path); <em class="hl-comment">// 找到节点下包含的设备</em>
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| | |-> dm_scan_fdt_node(gd->dm_root, node, pre_reloc_only);
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| |
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| |-> dm_scan_other(pre_reloc_only);
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描使用者自定义的节点 nothing</em>
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|
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|-> spl_clear_bss <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
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|-> spl_relocate_stack_gd <em class="hl-comment">// 切换 stack 和 gd 到 dram 空间</em>
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|-> board_init_r() <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
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|-> spl_set_bd() <em class="hl-comment">// board data info</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 设置完 bd 之后，才能 enable d-cache</em>
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|-> mem_malloc_init()
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| <em class="hl-comment">// init heap</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// - CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_START</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// - CONFIG_SYS_SPL_MALLOC_SIZE></em>
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|
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|-> spl_init
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| |-> spl_common_init
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 由于前面已经调用了 spl_early_init,</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 这里不再调用 spl_common_init</em>
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|
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|-> timer_init(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/time.c nothing</em>
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|-> spl_board_init(); <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/spl.c nothing</em>
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|
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|-> initr_watchdog <em class="hl-comment">// enable watchdog，如果使能</em>
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|-> dram_init_banksize(); <em class="hl-comment">// 如果使能</em>
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|-> board_boot_order() <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
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| |-> spl_boot_device(); <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/spl.c</em>
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| |-> aic_get_boot_device(); <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/boot_param.c</em>
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 从 boot param 中获取启动介质信息</em>
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|
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|-> boot_from_devices(spl_boot_list)
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| |-> spl_ll_find_loader() <em class="hl-comment">// 根据 device 找到 spl_load_image 指针</em>
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 这里可能是各种介质的 load image 函数</em>
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// SPL_LOAD_IMAGE_METHOD() 定义的 Loader</em>
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| | <em class="hl-comment">// 可能是 MMC/SPI/BROM/...</em>
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| |
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| |-> spl_load_image <em class="hl-comment">// 以 emmc 启动为例</em>
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| |-> spl_mmc_load_image <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl_mmc.c</em>
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| |-> spl_mmc_load <em class="hl-comment">// 具体可看后面的流程</em>
|
||
|
|
||
|-> spl_perform_fixups <em class="hl-comment">// vendor hook，用于修改 tree 传递参数</em>
|
||
|-> spl_board_prepare_for_boot <em class="hl-comment">// vendor hook, 可不实现</em>
|
||
|-> jump_to_image_no_args <em class="hl-comment">// 跳转到 boot 执行</em></pre>
|
||
</div>
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