Files
luban-lite-t3e-pro/doc/topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_key_procedure.html
2025-01-23 16:37:00 +08:00

299 lines
25 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh-cn" lang="zh-cn" data-whc_version="26.0">
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><meta name="description" content="操作函数集实现 在 S 的驱动设计中snd_soc_dai_ops 是一个非常重要的结构体,它是 dai 的操作函数集,所有对 S 接口的设置都是通过此结构体完成。所以I2S 驱动中一项非常重要的部分就是实现此结构体中的函数接口。snd_soc_dai_ops 函数集可以分为如下几个部分: cpu_dai 时钟配置函数,通常由 machine 驱动调用 set_sysclk设置 dai ..."/><meta name="DC.rights.owner" content="(C) 版权 2025"/><meta name="copyright" content="(C) 版权 2025"/><meta name="generator" content="DITA-OT"/><meta name="DC.type" content="concept"/><meta name="DC.contributor" content="yan.wang"/><meta name="DC.date.modified" content="2024-12-02"/><meta name="DC.format" content="HTML5"/><meta name="DC.identifier" content="i2s_key_procedures"/><meta name="DC.language" content="zh-CN"/><title>关键流程设计</title><!-- Build number 2023110923. --><meta name="wh-path2root" content="../../../"/><meta name="wh-toc-id" content=""/><meta name="wh-source-relpath" content="topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_key_procedure.dita"/><meta name="wh-out-relpath" content="topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_key_procedure.html"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/app/commons.css?buildId=2023110923"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/app/topic.css?buildId=2023110923"/>
<script src="../../../webhelp/app/options/properties.js?buildId=20250121171154"></script>
<script src="../../../webhelp/app/localization/strings.js?buildId=2023110923"></script>
<script src="../../../webhelp/app/search/index/keywords.js?buildId=20250121171154"></script>
<script defer="defer" src="../../../webhelp/app/commons.js?buildId=2023110923"></script>
<script defer="defer" src="../../../webhelp/app/topic.js?buildId=2023110923"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/aic-styles-web.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/notes.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/aic-common.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/aic-images.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/footnote.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/aic-web-watermark.css?buildId=2023110923"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../webhelp/template/topic-body-list.css?buildId=2023110923"/></head>
<body id="i2s_key_procedures" class="wh_topic_page frmBody">
<a href="#wh_topic_body" class="sr-only sr-only-focusable">
跳转到主要内容
</a>
<header class="navbar navbar-default wh_header">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="wh_header_flex_container navbar-nav navbar-expand-md navbar-dark">
<div class="wh_logo_and_publication_title_container">
<div class="wh_logo_and_publication_title">
<a href="http://www.artinchip.com" class=" wh_logo d-none d-sm-block "><img src="../../../company-logo-white.png" alt="RTOS SDK 使用指南SDK 指南文件"/></a>
<div class=" wh_publication_title "><a href="../../../index.html"><span class="booktitle"><span class="ph mainbooktitle">RTOS SDK 使用指南</span><span class="ph booktitlealt">SDK 指南文件</span></span></a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="wh_top_menu_and_indexterms_link collapse navbar-collapse" id="wh_top_menu_and_indexterms_link">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class=" wh_search_input navbar-form wh_topic_page_search search " role="form">
<form id="searchForm" method="get" role="search" action="../../../search.html"><div><input type="search" placeholder="搜索 " class="wh_search_textfield" id="textToSearch" name="searchQuery" aria-label="搜索查询" required="required"/><button type="submit" class="wh_search_button" aria-label="搜索"><span class="search_input_text">搜索</span></button></div></form>
</div>
<div class="container-fluid" id="wh_topic_container">
<div class="row">
<nav class="wh_tools d-print-none navbar-expand-md" aria-label="Tools">
<div data-tooltip-position="bottom" class=" wh_breadcrumb "></div>
<div class="wh_right_tools">
<button class="wh_hide_highlight" aria-label="切换搜索突出显示" title="切换搜索突出显示"></button>
<button class="webhelp_expand_collapse_sections" data-next-state="collapsed" aria-label="折叠截面" title="折叠截面"></button>
<div class=" wh_print_link print d-none d-md-inline-block "><button onClick="window.print()" title="打印此页" aria-label="打印此页"></button></div>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="wh_content_area">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-10 col-md-10 col-sm-10 col-xs-12" id="wh_topic_body">
<button id="wh_close_topic_toc_button" class="close-toc-button d-none" aria-label="Toggle topic table of content" aria-controls="wh_topic_toc" aria-expanded="true">
<span class="close-toc-icon-container">
<span class="close-toc-icon"></span>
</span>
</button>
<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_key_procedure.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">关键流程设计</h1><div class="date inPage">2 Dec 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
Read time: 4 minute(s)
</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><section class="- topic/section section" id="i2s_key_procedures__section_nh2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__section_nh2_5g3_d1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">操作函数集实现</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e27__20250121171808">在 S 的驱动设计中snd_soc_dai_ops 是一个非常重要的结构体,它是 dai 的操作函数集,所有对 S 接口的设置都是通过此结构体完成。所以I2S 驱动中一项非常重要的部分就是实现此结构体中的函数接口。snd_soc_dai_ops 函数集可以分为如下几个部分:</p>
<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="i2s_key_procedures__ol_oh2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ol_oh2_5g3_d1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e31__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e33__20250121171808">cpu_dai 时钟配置函数,通常由 machine 驱动调用</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="i2s_key_procedures__ul_ph2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ul_ph2_5g3_d1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e37__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e39__20250121171808">set_sysclk设置 dai 的主时钟 MCLK</p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e42__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e44__20250121171808">set_clkdiv设置分频系数用于实现 BCLK 和 LRCK 的分频系数</p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e47__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e49__20250121171808">set_bclk_ratio设置 BCLK 和 LRCK 的比率</p>
</li></ul>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e53__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e55__20250121171808">cpu_dai 格式设置,通常由 machine 驱动调用</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="i2s_key_procedures__ul_qh2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ul_qh2_5g3_d1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e59__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e61__20250121171808">set_fmt设置主从模式(LRCK 和 BCLK 时钟由 SOC 提供还是由 codec 提供)BCLK 和 LRCK 的极性,以及传输模式</p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e64__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e66__20250121171808">set_tdm_slotcpu_dai 支持时分复用时,用于设置时分复用的 slot</p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e69__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e71__20250121171808">set_channel_map声道时分复用时的映射关系设置</p>
</li></ul>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e75__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e77__20250121171808">ALSA PCM 音频操作,由 ALSA 的 soc-core 在执行音频操作时调用</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="i2s_key_procedures__ul_rh2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ul_rh2_5g3_d1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e81__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e83__20250121171808">hw_params硬件参数设置一般用于采样精度通道位宽的设置</p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e86__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e88__20250121171808">trigger命令触发函数用于执行音频数据传输的开始、结束、暂停、恢复等</p>
</li></ul>
</li></ol>
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e93__20250121171808">在 S 的驱动中,需要实现的接口有:<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="i2s_key_procedures__codeblock_kzc_wg3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__codeblock_kzc_wg3_d1c"><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> snd_soc_dai_ops aic_i2s_dai_ops = {
.set_sysclk = aic_i2s_set_sysclk,
.set_bclk_ratio = aic_i2s_set_bclk_ratio,
.set_fmt = aic_i2s_set_fmt,
.set_tdm_slot = aic_i2s_set_tdm_slot,
.hw_params = aic_i2s_hw_params,
.trigger = aic_i2s_trigger,
};</pre></div>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e98__20250121171808">在实现的几个接口函数中,除 params 和 trigger 外,其它函数是需要在 machine 驱动中根据 I2S 和 codec 双方所支持的格式、时钟等进行调用设置的,使 S 和 codec 两边的格式设置相同。</p>
</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="i2s_key_procedures__section_th2_5g3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__section_th2_5g3_d1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">I2S 时钟设置</h2>
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e106__20250121171808">
<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="i2s_key_procedures__ol_v4j_xg3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ol_v4j_xg3_d1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e109__20250121171808"> MCLK
主时钟设置。<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e111__20250121171808">MCLK 是 S 的主时钟,主要作用是向外部的 codec 芯片提供工作时钟,由 S 模块的工作时钟分频得到。在驱动中由 sysclk 设置 MCLK 的频率MCLK 一般采用 128fs256fs512fs 的表示方式,具体的设置需要参考实际使用的 codec 芯片规格书。Fs 是采样频率,常见的采样频率有 44.1khz48khz32khz 等,可以据此算出 MCLK 的频率值。一般会在 machine 驱动中调用设置 MCLK 的函数。</p></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e113__20250121171808">LRCK 和 BCLK
左右声道时钟设置。<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e115__20250121171808">LRCK 是左右声道时钟。LRCK 的时钟频率等于 fs在 D211 中,通过 PERIOD 位域设置 LRCK 的频率LRCK_PERIOD 表示一个 LRCK 时钟周期内,有多少个 BCLK 周期。在 S 模式下若为立体声2 通道32bit 采样深度,则 BCLK=64fs则 PERIOD 应设置为(64/2-1)。若为 4 通道24bit 采样深度,则 BCLK=96fs则 PERIOD 应设置为96/2-1。由采样频率可以算出 BCLK 时钟的频率。并由 BCLK 的频率算出 LRCK即采样率。</p></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e117__20250121171808">period
bytes 对齐<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e119__20250121171808">在使用 DMA 传输音频数据时DMA 要求每次传输的数据长度必须 128bytes/8bytes 对齐。在 ALSA 框架下,音频数据以 period 为周期调用 DMA 传输,每次传输的数据长度为 bytes。所以必须满足 bytes 按照 128bytes/8bytes 对齐。ALSA 中提供了相应的 API 接口(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step)来满足这一需求。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="i2s_key_procedures__codeblock_qd3_1h3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__codeblock_qd3_1h3_d1c"><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> aic_i2s_startup(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> snd_pcm_substream *substream,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> snd_soc_dai *dai)
{
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> ret;
<em class="hl-comment">/* Make sure that the period bytes are 8/128 bytes aligned according to
* the DMA transfer requested.
*/</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (of_device_is_compatible(dai-&gt;dev-&gt;of_node,
<span class="hl-string">"artinchip,aic-i2s-v1.0"</span>)) {
ret = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(substream-&gt;runtime, <span class="hl-number">0</span>,
SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, <span class="hl-number">8</span>);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (ret &lt; <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
dev_err(dai-&gt;dev,
<span class="hl-string">"Could not apply period step: %d\n"</span>, ret);
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ret;
}
ret = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(substream-&gt;runtime, <span class="hl-number">0</span>,
SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, <span class="hl-number">8</span>);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (ret &lt; <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
dev_err(dai-&gt;dev,
<span class="hl-string">"Could not apply buffer step: %d\n"</span>, ret);
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ret;
}
} <strong class="hl-keyword">else</strong> {
ret = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(substream-&gt;runtime, <span class="hl-number">0</span>,
SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, <span class="hl-number">128</span>);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (ret &lt; <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
dev_err(dai-&gt;dev,
<span class="hl-string">"Could not apply period step: %d\n"</span>, ret);
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ret;
}
ret = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(substream-&gt;runtime, <span class="hl-number">0</span>,
SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, <span class="hl-number">128</span>);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (ret &lt; <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
dev_err(dai-&gt;dev,
<span class="hl-string">"Could not apply buffer step: %d\n"</span>, ret);
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ret;
}
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ret;
}</pre></div></li></ol>
</div>
</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="i2s_key_procedures__section_bhv_2yl_4dc" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__section_bhv_2yl_4dc"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">Record 流程</strong></h2>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="i2s_key_procedures__ul_xt4_fnf_fdc" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ul_xt4_fnf_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e132__20250121171808">
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="i2s_key_procedures__id8">
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">init</code> 流程</strong>
<ol class="- topic/ol ol arabic simple" id="i2s_key_procedures__ol_fvg_kkf_fdc" data-ofbid="i2s_key_procedures__ol_fvg_kkf_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e142__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e144__20250121171808">初始化 DMA 传输的起始地址、<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">buf_len</span> 以及
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span></p>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e153__20250121171808">I2S 模块使用 DMA 传输音频数据DMA 采用环形链表形式,依次将音频数据传送到硬件。所以需要配置 DMA
传输时的起始地址(即 RX buffer 地址)以及
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">buf_len</span><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span></p>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e162__20250121171808">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e164__20250121171808">注册 HAL 层的回调函数。</p>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e167__20250121171808">在 Driver 层驱动,将 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">buf_len</span> 配置为
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span> 的 2 倍DMA 每传输
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span> 长度的数据,触发一次 DMA 中断,通知 CPU 向
pipe 设备写入数据。</p>
</li></ol></div>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e180__20250121171808">
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="i2s_key_procedures__id9">
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">start</code> 流程</strong>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e189__20250121171808">按照 RT-Thread audio 的框架,在执行 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">rt_device_open</span> 时,就会调用
<code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">start</code> 流程,开始音频的录制,然后再通过
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">rt_device_control</span>
设置音频的格式(采样率,通道数等)。按照这个流程,最开始可能会录制一段不符合设置的音频格式的数据,这显然是不合理的。所以,在 Driver
层的驱动实现中,<code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">start</code>
流程并未做任何处理,而是在设置完音频格式后才开始音频的录制。</p></div>
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d303369e204__20250121171808">
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="i2s_key_procedures__id10">
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">DMA 中断流程</strong>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d303369e211__20250121171808">DMA 每传输完 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span> 长度的数据后,触发一次 DMA 中断,然后通过 DMA
回调函数的逐级调用,最终调用 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">rt_audio_rx_done</span>,将 RX buffer 的数据写入到
pipe 设备,每次写入 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">period_len</span> 长度的音频数据。</p></div>
</li></ul>
</section></div></article></main></div>
</div>
<nav role="navigation" id="wh_topic_toc" aria-label="On this page" class="col-lg-2 d-none d-lg-block navbar d-print-none">
<div id="wh_topic_toc_content">
<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#i2s_key_procedures__section_nh2_5g3_d1c" data-tocid="i2s_key_procedures__section_nh2_5g3_d1c">操作函数集实现</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#i2s_key_procedures__section_th2_5g3_d1c" data-tocid="i2s_key_procedures__section_th2_5g3_d1c">I2S 时钟设置</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#i2s_key_procedures__section_bhv_2yl_4dc" data-tocid="i2s_key_procedures__section_bhv_2yl_4dc"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">Record 流程</strong></a></div></li></ul></div>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="navbar navbar-default wh_footer">
<div class=" footer-container mx-auto ">
<title>footer def</title>
<style><!--
.p1 {
font-family: FangZhengShuSong, Times, serif;
}
.p2 {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
.p3 {
font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", monospace;
}
--></style>
<div class="webhelp.fragment.footer">
<p class="p1">Copyright © 2019-2024 广东匠芯创科技有限公司. All rights reserved.</p>
</div><div>
<div class="generation_time">
Update Time: 2025-01-21
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<div id="go2top" class="d-print-none">
<span class="oxy-icon oxy-icon-up"></span>
</div>
<div id="modal_img_large" class="modal">
<span class="close oxy-icon oxy-icon-remove"></span>
<div id="modal_img_container"></div>
<div id="caption"></div>
</div>
<script src="${pd}/publishing/publishing-styles-AIC-template/js/custom.js" defer="defer"></script>
</body>
</html>