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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic topic" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/mac/mac_user_guide.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">MAC 使用指南</h1><div class="date inPage">29 Nov 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 1 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body body"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e17__20250121171850">以太网（Ethernet）是一种计算机局域网组网技术，基于 IEEE802.3 标准，它规定了包括物理层的连线（RJ45），电气信号（PHY）和媒体访问层（MAC）协议等，
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以太网的特征是有线网络，网络中的各终端必须通过网线进行连接，以太网模块可以简单的理解为 MAC 通过 MII 总线控制 PHY 共同完成终端之间数据交换的一种设备。</p><div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table frame-all" id="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc" data-cols="3"><caption class="- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side="top" data-is-repeated="true"><span class="table--title-label">表<span class="table--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="table--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="table--title">术语定义</span></caption><colgroup><col/><col/><col/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead"><tr class="- topic/row"><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">术语</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">定义</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">注释说明</th></tr></thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody"><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">MAC</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Media Access Control</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">媒体访问控制，Ethernet 中的一个组成模块，对应 OSI 参考模型中的数据链路层</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">PHY</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Physic</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">物理接口收发器，物理对应 OSI 参考模型中的物理层</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">MII</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Media Independent Interface</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">媒体独立接口，是 MAC 与 PHY 连接的标准接口，使用 4 根线来传输数据</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">RMII</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Reduced MII</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">简化的媒体独立接口，使用 2 根线来传输数据</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">GMII</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Gigabit MII</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3">千兆的媒体独立接口，使用 8 根线来传输数据</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__1">MDIO</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__2">Management Data Input/Output</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_dfw_bjn_fdc__entry__3"> PHY 的管理接口，用来读/写 PHY 的寄存器，以控制 PHY 的行为或获取 PHY 的状态</td></tr></tbody></table></div><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id4" data-ofbid="id__id4"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">使用拓扑</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e82__20250121171850">一个典型的以太网电路至少需要如下器件的参与</p>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_efw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_efw_bjn_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e86__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e88__20250121171850">RJ45 连接器</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e91__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e93__20250121171850">网络变压器</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e96__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e98__20250121171850">晶振</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e101__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e103__20250121171850">PHY 收发器</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e106__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e108__20250121171850">MAC 控制器</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e111__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e113__20250121171850">AP 处理器</p>
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</li></ul>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e117__20250121171850"> 集成 MAC 控制器模块，AP 内部也可以提供 PHY 收发器所需的时钟，从而不使用外部晶振模块。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e120__20250121171850">如果要提升硬件的防静电能力，外部一般会增加 ESD 保护电路。</p>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_ffw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_ffw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_gfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/ethernet-hw.jpg" width="384" alt="ethernet-hw"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">组件拓扑</span></figcaption></figure>
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</section><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e131__20250121171850">一个典型的以太网工作模块由如下组件组件组成</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_hfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_hfw_bjn_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e134__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e136__20250121171850">AP Core</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e139__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e141__20250121171850">DMA</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e144__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e146__20250121171850">MAC</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e149__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e151__20250121171850">PHY</p>
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</li></ul><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e154__20250121171850">AIC 的 SoC 根据型号不同，以太网模块有如下两种拓扑结构</p><div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id6">
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<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">全集成</strong>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e161__20250121171850">SoC 内部集成 MAC 和 PHY</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_ifw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_ifw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_jfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/topo-all.jpg" alt="topo-all"/></div><br/></figure></div><div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__mac">
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<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">单 MAC</strong>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e172__20250121171850">SoC 内部仅集成 MAC，需要外挂 PHY</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_kfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_kfw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_lfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/topo-phy.jpg" alt="topo-phy"/></div><br/></figure>
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</div><section class="- topic/section section" data-ofbid="d337726e179__20250121171850"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">模块架构</h2>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_mfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_mfw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_nfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/eth-arch.jpg" alt="eth-arch"/></div><br/></figure>
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<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id8">
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<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">MAC 架构</strong>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_ofw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_ofw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_pfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/eth-mac.jpg" alt="eth-mac"/></div><br/></figure>
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</div>
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<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__phy">
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<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">PHY 架构</strong>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_qfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_qfw_bjn_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_rfw_bjn_fdc" src="../../../images/mac/eth-phy.jpg" alt="eth-phy"/></div><br/></figure></div>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id9" data-ofbid="id__id9"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">模块特性</h2>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_sfw_bjn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_sfw_bjn_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e215__20250121171850">
|
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e217__20250121171850">支持全双工/半双工</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e220__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e222__20250121171850">支持 100/10 Mbps，部分 SoC 支持 1000 Mbps</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e225__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e227__20250121171850">支持 RMII 接口，部分 SoC 支持 RGMII 接口</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e230__20250121171850">
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||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e232__20250121171850">支持内部 DMA</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e235__20250121171850">
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||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e237__20250121171850">TXFIFO/RXFIFO 的大小均为 2048 Byte，均支持阈值模式和存储-转发模式</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e240__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e242__20250121171850">支持 VLAN 哈希过滤</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e245__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e247__20250121171850">支持 64-bit 哈希地址过滤、完美地址过滤（支持 8 个地址寄存器）</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e250__20250121171850">
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||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e252__20250121171850">支持源地址的插入/替换，VLAN 的插入/替换/删除，CRC 的插入/替换/删除</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e255__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e257__20250121171850">支持接收校验和错误检测</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d337726e260__20250121171850">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d337726e262__20250121171850">支持发送校验和计算</p>
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</li></ul>
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</section></div></article></main></div>
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|
||
<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__id4" data-tocid="id__id4">使用拓扑</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__id9" data-tocid="id__id9">模块特性</a></div></li></ul></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<footer class="navbar navbar-default wh_footer">
|
||
<div class=" footer-container mx-auto ">
|
||
<title>footer def</title>
|
||
<style><!--
|
||
|
||
.p1 {
|
||
font-family: FangZhengShuSong, Times, serif;
|
||
}
|
||
.p2 {
|
||
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
|
||
}
|
||
.p3 {
|
||
font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", monospace;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
--></style>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="webhelp.fragment.footer">
|
||
<p class="p1">Copyright © 2019-2024 广东匠芯创科技有限公司. All rights reserved.</p>
|
||
</div><div>
|
||
<div class="generation_time">
|
||
Update Time: 2025-01-21
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
<div id="go2top" class="d-print-none">
|
||
<span class="oxy-icon oxy-icon-up"></span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="modal_img_large" class="modal">
|
||
<span class="close oxy-icon oxy-icon-remove"></span>
|
||
<div id="modal_img_container"></div>
|
||
<div id="caption"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="${pd}/publishing/publishing-styles-AIC-template/js/custom.js" defer="defer"></script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html> |