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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic topic" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/ota/ota_introduction_lb.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">模块介绍</h1><div class="date inPage">11 Dec 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 2 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body body"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e17__20250121171521">OTA 是一种通过网络从服务器上下载更新文件，对本地系统或者文件进行升级的升级方式，便于为用户及时更新系统和应用程序。 </p><div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table docutils align-default frame-all" id="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc" data-cols="3"><caption></caption><colgroup><col style="width:31.948881789137378%"/><col style="width:31.948881789137378%"/><col style="width:36.10223642172524%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead"><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><th class="- topic/entry entry head colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__1">术语</th><th class="- topic/entry entry head colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__2">定义</th><th class="- topic/entry entry head colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__3">注释说明</th></tr></thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody"><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__1">OTA</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__2">Over The Air</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_u1j_lpw_fdc__entry__3">远程升级</td></tr></tbody></table></div><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__luban-ota" data-ofbid="id__luban-ota"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Luban OTA 方案介绍</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e45__20250121171521">Luban OTA 系统方案具有如下特点：</p>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul arabic simple" id="id__ol_jqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_jqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e49__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e51__20250121171521">基于 <a class="- topic/xref xref" href="ota_introduction_lb.html#id__swupdate">SWUpdate</a> 平台实现，使用 Recovery
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系统方案。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e58__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e60__20250121171521">程序 kernel 和 Rootfs 称为主系统。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e63__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e65__20250121171521">在主系统之外，增加一个 Recovery 系统，包含 kernel 和 initramfs，用来对主系统程序进行升级。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e68__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e70__20250121171521">为了便于演示，增加 ota 分区，用于保存 OTA 升级包。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e73__20250121171521"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">OTA 功能新增分区</strong>如下图所示：</p>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_kqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_kqk_lpw_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_lqk_lpw_fdc" src="../../../images/ota/part.png" alt="part"/></div><br/></figure>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul arabic simple" id="id__ol_nqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_nqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e84__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e86__20250121171521">黄色代表原始分区</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e89__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e91__20250121171521">绿色代表新加分区</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e94__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e96__20250121171521"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">recovery 分区</code> 用来存放 Recovery 系统程序</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e101__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e103__20250121171521"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ota 分区</code> 用来存放 OTA 升级包</p>
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</li></ul>
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</li></ul>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id4" data-ofbid="id__id4"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Luban OTA 升级过程</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e115__20250121171521">Luban OTA 升级过程如下所示：</p><ol class="- topic/ol ol arabic simple" id="id__ol_oqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_oqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e118__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e120__20250121171521">主系统升级 Recovery 系统文件，Recovery 系统升级主系统文件。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e123__20250121171521">升级脚本文件名称为 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">swupdate_cmd.sh</span>。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e129__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e131__20250121171521">主系统升级 Recovery 系统程序、U-Boot 等。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e134__20250121171521">环境变量采用 U-Boot 环境变量。在 U-Boot 启动时，通过环境变量决定启动主系统还是 Recovery 系统。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e137__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e139__20250121171521">Recovery 系统升级主系统 kernel、Rootfs、App 等。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e142__20250121171521">一次完整的升级活动，需要重启两次。</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e145__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e147__20250121171521">升级过程中出现异常掉电，下次启动还能够继续完成剩下的升级过程。</p>
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</li></ol><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__fig_pqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__fig_pqk_lpw_fdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_qqk_lpw_fdc" src="../../../images/ota/ota.png" alt="ota"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">Luban OTA 升级示例</span></figcaption></figure>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__swupdate" data-ofbid="id__swupdate"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">SWUpdate 功能介绍</h2>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_tqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_tqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e163__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e165__20250121171521">可以给 eMMC、SD、NOR 和 NAND 等介质升级程序</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e168__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e170__20250121171521">可以更新 UBI 卷的程序, 重新创建 UBI 卷,建立新的 UBI 卷, 配置分区的大小</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e173__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e175__20250121171521">支持使用 zlib 库压缩镜像</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e178__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e180__20250121171521">支持识别和使用 U 盘, 支持本地升级</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e183__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e185__20250121171521">支持更新文件系统里面的单个文件, 必须指定该文件的路径</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e188__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e190__20250121171521">使用结构化语言来描述镜像, libconfig 语法</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e193__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e195__20250121171521">支持设置/删除 U-Boot 变量</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e198__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e200__20250121171521">多种获取软件的接口, 本地存储: USB,SD,UART,…</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e203__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e205__20250121171521">OTA/远程, 使用 Mongoose 服务器</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e208__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e210__20250121171521">通过配置可以检查软件和硬件之间的兼容性</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e213__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e215__20250121171521">支持镜像提取, SWUpdate 以流的方式接收软件, 不进行临时存储</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e219__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e221__20250121171521">掉电安全</p>
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||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e224__20250121171521">
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||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e226__20250121171521">镜像在升级之前经过身份认证和校验</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e229__20250121171521">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e231__20250121171521">通过 make menuconfig 进行管理</p>
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</li></ul>
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<div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table docutils align-default frame-all" id="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc" data-ofbid="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc" data-cols="2"><caption class="- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side="top" data-is-repeated="true"><span class="table--title-label">表<span class="table--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="table--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="table--title">SWUpdate 包重要配置描述</span></caption><colgroup><col style="width:46.948356807511736%"/><col style="width:53.051643192488264%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead"><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><th class="- topic/entry entry head colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">文件</th><th class="- topic/entry entry head colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">说明</th></tr></thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody"><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_UBOOT=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">支持 U-Boot</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_DOWNLOAD=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">使能通过 libcurl 的方式下载程序</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_DOWNLOAD_SSL=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">在使用 libcurl 时使能 ssl 校验</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_WEBSERVER=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">编译 web 服务器, 设备端作为服务器使用</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_HASH_VERIFY=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">解析升级包时使能 sha256 校验</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_BOOTLOADERHANDLER=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">在升级过程中允许修改 U-Boot 环境变量</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_CFI=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">允许给 flash 烧录程序</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-odd"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_RAW=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">默认烧录方式, 给 eMMC 使用</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row row-even"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__1">CONFIG_SHELLSCRIPTHANDLER=y</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_bd1_k24_hdc__entry__2">支持 shell 脚本升级 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id5" data-ofbid="id__id5"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">OTA 升级获取方式</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e298__20250121171521">按照获取 OTA 升级包的方式，OTA 可以分为两种情况：</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_uqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_uqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e301__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e303__20250121171521">本地升级</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e306__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e308__20250121171521">网络升级方式</p>
|
||
</li></ul>
|
||
<ol class="- topic/ol ol arabic simple" id="id__ol_wqk_lpw_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_wqk_lpw_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e313__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e315__20250121171521">Luban 平台配置好了一个 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ota 分区</code>，用来存放 OTA 升级包, 用户可以通过 AiBurn 的方式将 OTA
|
||
升级包烧录到具体开发板上, 直接验证 OTA 本地升级功能。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e321__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e323__20250121171521">用户如果搭建好了服务器, 并能将服务器上 OTA 升级包下载到本地 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ota 分区</code>，希望通过 Luban OTA
|
||
系统实现单独升级功能, 可以直接通过 OTA 本地升级方式实现。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e329__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e331__20250121171521">如果本地空间不够, 可以使用 SD 卡，U 盘充当本地存储空间，存放 OTA 升级包。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d61463e334__20250121171521">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d61463e336__20250121171521">Luban OTA 网络升级方式依赖服务器，用户如果采用网络方案，需要搭建好 HTTP 或 FTP 服务器，Luban OTA
|
||
系统可以远程获取服务器里面的数据进行升级。</p>
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__luban-ota" data-tocid="id__luban-ota">Luban OTA 方案介绍</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__id4" data-tocid="id__id4">Luban OTA 升级过程</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__swupdate" data-tocid="id__swupdate">SWUpdate 功能介绍</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__id5" data-tocid="id__id5">OTA 升级获取方式</a></div></li></ul></div>
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