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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/boot/spi-divers.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">SPI</h1><div class="date inPage">4 Dec 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 2 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e23__20250121171757">SPI 在 U-Boot 中主要用于支持 SPI NAND/NOR 存储设备。目前 ArtInChip 平台上 SPI 的实现只支持半双工模式(Half-duplex)。</p><section class="- topic/section section" id="spi_divers__section_dzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__section_dzf_vnr_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">驱动框架</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e30__20250121171757">U-Boot 驱动模型支持 SPI，ArtInChip 平台中 SPI 驱动基于该框架进行实现。 相关配置为：</p>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="spi_divers__ul_fzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__ul_fzf_vnr_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e34__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e36__20250121171757">CONFIG_DM_SPI</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e39__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e41__20250121171757">CONFIG_SPI</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e44__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e46__20250121171757">CONFIG_SPL_SPI_SUPPORT</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e49__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e51__20250121171757">CONFIG_ARTINCHIP_SPI</p>
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</li></ul>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e55__20250121171757">相关源码有：</p>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="spi_divers__ul_hzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__ul_hzf_vnr_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e59__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e61__20250121171757"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">drivers/spi/spi-uclass.c</span></p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e65__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e67__20250121171757"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">include/spi.h</span></p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e71__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e73__20250121171757"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">drivers/spi/artinchip_spi.c</span></p>
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</li></ul>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="spi_divers__section_izf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__section_izf_vnr_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">驱动接口</h2>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e83__20250121171757">常用接口：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="spi_divers__codeblock_rrw_wnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__codeblock_rrw_wnr_c1c"><strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> dm_spi_claim_bus(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> udevice *dev);
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<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> dm_spi_release_bus(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> udevice *dev);
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<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> dm_spi_xfer(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> udevice *dev, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> bitlen,
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<strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> *dout, <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> *din, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">long</strong> flags);
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<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> spi_claim_bus(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> spi_slave *slave);
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<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> spi_release_bus(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> spi_slave *slave);
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<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> spi_xfer(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> spi_slave *slave, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> bitlen, <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> *dout,
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<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> *din, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">long</strong> flags);</pre></div>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="spi_divers__section_kzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__section_kzf_vnr_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">初始化流程</h2>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e93__20250121171757">SPI 设备挂载在 SPI 总线上，当 SPI 设备初始化时，如果父设备还没有被初始化， 则会自动触发父设备的初始化。下面是 SPI NAND 初始化时触发 SPI
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初始化的流程。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="spi_divers__codeblock_lnm_xnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__codeblock_lnm_xnr_c1c">mtd_probe(dev)
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|-> device_probe(dev)
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| <em class="hl-comment">// 此时 SPI 还没有 probe，则先 probe SPI</em>
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|-> device_probe(dev->parent); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
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| |-> drv->probe(dev);
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| aic_spi_probe(dev); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/spi/artinchip_spi.c</em>
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|
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|-> drv->probe(dev);
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spinand_probe(dev) <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/mtd/nand/spi/core.c</em></pre></div>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="spi_divers__section_mzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__section_mzf_vnr_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">DMA 的支持</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e103__20250121171757">ArtInChip SPI 驱动支持使用 DMA 收发数据和使用 FIFO 通过 CPU 读写的方式收发数据， 在 DMA 使能的情况下，对于数据长度大于等于
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<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">SPI_FIFO_DEPTH</span> 的传输，驱动自动切换使用 DMA 进行传输，否则默认使用 FIFO 模式。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e109__20250121171757">如果系统没有使能 DMA，则所有传输都使用 FIFO 模式。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e112__20250121171757">使能 DMA 的 Kconfig 配置为：</p>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="spi_divers__ul_ozf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__ul_ozf_vnr_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d291565e116__20250121171757">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e118__20250121171757">CONFIG_ARTINCHIP_DMA</p>
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</li></ul>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="spi_divers__section_pzf_vnr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__section_pzf_vnr_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">QUAD SPI 的支持</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e127__20250121171757">对于非存储 SPI 设备，SPI 驱动只支持标准 SPI 模式，即 Single Mode，数据传输都使用一根线进行(MOSI 和 MISO)。 对于 SPI
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存储设备(SPI NAND/SPI NOR)，通过对接 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">spi-mem</code> 框架，可以支持 DUAL SPI 和 QUAD
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SPI。</p>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e133__20250121171757">相关代码：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="spi_divers__codeblock_tmj_ynr_c1c" data-ofbid="spi_divers__codeblock_tmj_ynr_c1c"><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> spi_controller_mem_ops aic_spi_mem_ops = {
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.supports_op = aic_spi_mem_supports_op,
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.exec_op = aic_spi_mem_exec_op,
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};
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<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dm_spi_ops aic_spi_ops = {
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.claim_bus = aic_spi_claim_bus,
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.release_bus = aic_spi_release_bus,
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.xfer = aic_spi_xfer,
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.set_speed = aic_spi_set_speed,
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.set_mode = aic_spi_set_mode,
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.mem_ops = &aic_spi_mem_ops,
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};</pre></div>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d291565e138__20250121171757">通过设置 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">.exec_op</span> ，SPI MEM 设备的所有操作都由
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<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">aic_spi_mem_exec_op</span> 进行处理。 由于该接口可以获取到 SPI
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操作的数据位宽等详细信息，驱动可以为每一个传输操作设置准确的模式(Single/Dual/Quad)。</p>
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#spi_divers__section_dzf_vnr_c1c" data-tocid="spi_divers__section_dzf_vnr_c1c">驱动框架</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#spi_divers__section_izf_vnr_c1c" data-tocid="spi_divers__section_izf_vnr_c1c">驱动接口</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#spi_divers__section_kzf_vnr_c1c" data-tocid="spi_divers__section_kzf_vnr_c1c">初始化流程</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#spi_divers__section_mzf_vnr_c1c" data-tocid="spi_divers__section_mzf_vnr_c1c">DMA 的支持</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#spi_divers__section_pzf_vnr_c1c" data-tocid="spi_divers__section_pzf_vnr_c1c">QUAD SPI 的支持</a></div></li></ul></div>
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