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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/spinor/spinor_uboot_transplant.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">U-Boot 移植</h1><div class="date inPage">20 Nov 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 4 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e23__20250121171814">SPI NOR 要工作既需要 SoC 端 SPI 模块的驱动能力，也需要对 SPI NOR 模块的正确配置，本章阐述如何进行 SPI NOR 器件的移植工作，以
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<code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">CFX</code> 的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">GM25Q128A</code> 和 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">FudanMicro</code> 的
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<code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">FM25Q128</code> 为例。<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_ehm_5vy_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_ehm_5vy_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e38__20250121171814">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e40__20250121171814">U-Boot 中移植一款 SPI NOR，最重要的是 JEDEC ID，通过在数据手册中查找 0x9F 命令获得</p>
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</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e43__20250121171814">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e45__20250121171814">其他的参数都可以默认设置，INFO(0xa14017, 0, 64 * 1024, n_sectors, SECT_4K |
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SPI_NOR_DUAL_READ | SPI_NOR_QUAD_READ)</p>
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</li></ul></div><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e48__20250121171814">U-Boot 中 对不同厂家的 SPI NOR 器件的管理集成度很高， 主要代码在
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<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">source/uboot-2021.10/drivers/mtd/spi/spi-nor-ids.c</span>
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中，添加一款新厂家的新器件需要经过如下步骤：<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="u_boot_transplant__ol_hf4_j5y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ol_hf4_j5y_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e54__20250121171814">添加厂家的宏定义。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_zp3_k5y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_zp3_k5y_c1c">config SPI_FLASH_FMSH
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bool <span class="hl-string">"FudanMicro SPI flash support"</span>
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help
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Add support <strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> various FMSH (Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Group Company)
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SPI flash chips (FM25xxx).
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config SPI_FLASH_CFX
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bool <span class="hl-string">"CFX SPI flash support"</span>
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help
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Add support <strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> various CFX (Zhuhai ChuangFeiXin-Technology)
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SPI flash chips (GM25xxx).</pre></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e58__20250121171814">在 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">spi-nor-ids.c</span> 的 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">spi_nor_ids</span> 结构中添加
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FMHS 和 CFX
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的相关器件的支持。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_ulj_l5y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_ulj_l5y_c1c">#ifdef CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_FMSH
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<em class="hl-comment">/* Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Group Company */</em>
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{ INFO(<span class="hl-string">"FM25Q128"</span>, <span class="hl-number">0xa14017</span>, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, <span class="hl-number">64</span> * <span class="hl-number">1024</span>, <span class="hl-number">256</span>, SECT_<span class="hl-number">4</span>K | SPI_NOR_DUAL_READ | SPI_NOR_QUAD_READ) },
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{ INFO(<span class="hl-string">"FM25Q64"</span>, <span class="hl-number">0xa14018</span>, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, <span class="hl-number">64</span> * <span class="hl-number">1024</span>, <span class="hl-number">128</span>, SECT_<span class="hl-number">4</span>K | SPI_NOR_DUAL_READ | SPI_NOR_QUAD_READ) },
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#endif
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#ifdef CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_CFX
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<em class="hl-comment">/* Zhuhai ChuangFeiXin Technology */</em>
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{ INFO(<span class="hl-string">"GM25Q128A"</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x1c4018</span>, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, <span class="hl-number">64</span> * <span class="hl-number">1024</span>, <span class="hl-number">256</span>, SECT_<span class="hl-number">4</span>K | SPI_NOR_DUAL_READ | SPI_NOR_QUAD_READ) },
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#endif</pre></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e68__20250121171814">设置 <strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">flash_info</strong><div class="- topic/div div" id="u_boot_transplant__div_flash_info_config">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e74__20250121171814">flash_info 数据结构主要用来描述某一颗 SPI NOR 的参数，通过 INFO
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宏来设置，其详细结构为：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_y1s_45y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__codeblock_y1s_45y_c1c"><strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> flash_info {
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<strong class="hl-keyword">char</strong> *name; <em class="hl-comment">//器件名称，一般用器件编号替代</em>
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u8 id[SPI_NOR_MAX_ID_LEN]; <em class="hl-comment">//JEDEC 授权的器件 ID</em>
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u8 id_len; <em class="hl-comment">//ID 长度，填 0，自动计算</em>
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<strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> sector_size; <em class="hl-comment">//sector size，现在的意义已经改变</em>
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u16 n_sectors; <em class="hl-comment">//sector 数目，通过 flash size 和 sector size 计算出来</em>
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u16 page_size; <em class="hl-comment">//页大小， INFO 宏固定为 256</em>
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u16 addr_width; <em class="hl-comment">//</em><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">board.dts</span> 中配置
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u32 flags; <em class="hl-comment">//功能标识</em></pre></div>
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<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_g2b_t5y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_g2b_t5y_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e83__20250121171814"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">JEDEC ID</strong>：和 SPI NAND 不同， SPI NOR 的 ID 包含 Manufacture ID 和
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Device ID 等多项内容，一般为 24 位，描述方式为<div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table frame-all" id="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c" data-cols="4"><caption></caption><colgroup><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/><col style="width:25%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead"><tr class="- topic/row"><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__1">阈值</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__2">名称</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__3">示例</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__4">标记方式</th></tr></thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody"><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__1">MID7 - IDF0</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__2">Maunfacture ID</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__3">0xa1</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__4">JEDEC 分配</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__1">D15 - D8</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__2">Memory Type</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__3">0x40</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__4">0x9F 命令</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__1">D7 - D0</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__2">Memory Desity</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__3">0x17</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_l5h_55y_c1c__entry__4">0x9F 命令</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e131__20250121171814">不同厂家在数据手册中描述方法不一样，但现代的 SPI NOR 的 MID 一般通过
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“Maunfacture/MID” 等字段标注，Device ID 的（D15 - D0） 一般通过 0x9F 命令标注，
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因此在数据手册中通过搜索 9F 一般能构造出 JEDEC ID， 如下图所示</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_m5h_55y_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_m5h_55y_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e134__20250121171814">0xC84018<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e136__20250121171814">
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<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_n5h_55y_c1c" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_device_id1.png" width="480" alt="id-1"/></div><br/>
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</div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e142__20250121171814">0xC22018<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e144__20250121171814">
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<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_p5h_55y_c1c" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_device_id2.png" width="480" alt="id-2"/></div><br/>
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</div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e150__20250121171814">0xA14017<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e152__20250121171814">
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<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_r5h_55y_c1c" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_device_id3.png" width="480" alt="id-3"/></div><br/>
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</div></li></ul></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e158__20250121171814"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">sector_size</strong>：Sector Size 是个历史产物，不管是文件系统还是厂家的器件规格都开始对外提供基于
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Block 的接口，但在名称上还保留了 Sector 的名称，而驱动中则已经完全切换到 Block 的逻辑<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e162__20250121171814">Sector Size
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主要定义的是擦除参数，一般的器件提供三种擦除操作</p><div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table frame-all" id="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c" data-cols="4"><caption></caption><colgroup><col style="width:26.814814814814813%"/><col style="width:16.296296296296298%"/><col style="width:14.814814814814813%"/><col style="width:42.07407407407407%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead"><tr class="- topic/row"><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__1">操作方式</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__2">命令</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__3">擦除大小</th><th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__4">备注</th></tr></thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody"><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__1">Sector Erase( SE)</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__2">0x20</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__3">4K</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__4">基础能力，主要做兼容，不做主力</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__1">32K Block Erase (BE)</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__2">0x52</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__3">32K</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__4">不再使用，和 BE-64 成对</td></tr><tr class="- topic/row"><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__1">64K Block Erase (BE)</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__2">0xD8</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__3">64K</td><td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="u_boot_transplant__table_exs_dvy_c1c__entry__4">大部分都支持，如果不支持则必须支持 SE</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e208__20250121171814">在驱动中，Sector_Size 描述的实际是 BE-64 的参数，而 BE-64 要求的 size 又是固定的
|
||
64K，因此该参数的设置原则是：</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_fxs_dvy_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_fxs_dvy_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e211__20250121171814">在数据手册中，如果支持 64K Block Erase (0xD8）命令，则设置为 ‘64 * 1024’</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e213__20250121171814">在数据手册中, 如果不支持 64K Block Erase (0xD8）命令，则设置为 ‘4 * 1024’</li></ul><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e215__20250121171814">
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<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_gxs_dvy_c1c" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_sector_size.png" width="480" alt="se"/></div><br/>
|
||
</div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e221__20250121171814"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">n_sectors</strong>：Sector (Block) 数目通过计算得到， 计算公式为 (（flash size）/
|
||
sector size)，需要注意不同参数使用 Byte（B） 还是 bit（b） 描述<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_gzk_3vy_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_gzk_3vy_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e226__20250121171814">
|
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e228__20250121171814">gd25q128： 128Mb / 64KB = 256</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e231__20250121171814">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e233__20250121171814">FM25Q128: 128Mb / 64KB = 256</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e236__20250121171814">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e238__20250121171814">FM25Q64: 64Mb / 64KB = 128</p>
|
||
</li></ul></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e241__20250121171814"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">flags</strong>：设置额外的功能标志。<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="u_boot_transplant__ul_sxx_jvy_c1c" data-ofbid="u_boot_transplant__ul_sxx_jvy_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e246__20250121171814">SECT_4K 建议均设置，此功能用来兼容 Sector Erase( SE)
|
||
的支持，在一些特殊情况下可以继续工作</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e248__20250121171814">如果支持 0xBB 命令，则打开 SPI_NOR_DUAL_READ</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e250__20250121171814">如果支持 0xEB 命令，则打开 SPI_NOR_QUAD_READ<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e252__20250121171814">
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_gds_5jv_mbc" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_qspi_read.png" width="480" alt="qspi"/></div><br/>
|
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</div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d308466e258__20250121171814">如果有 Status Register，则打开 USE_FSR，是一种状态呈现，非必须 <div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d308466e260__20250121171814">
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<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="u_boot_transplant__image_vxx_jvy_c1c" src="../../../images/memory/spinor_user_fsr.png" width="480" alt="fsr"/></div><br/>
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