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< div class = "date inPage" > 16 May 2025< / div > < div style = "color: gray;" >
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Read time: 5 minute(s)
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e33__20250519091509" > 通用异步收发传输器（ ， < / p >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e36__20250519091509" > 串行通信是指利用一条传输线将数据一位位地顺序传送，通信线路非常简单。< / p >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e39__20250519091509" > UART 为双向通信， ，
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机通信包括与监控调试器和其它器件，如 EEPROM 通信。< / p >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e42__20250519091509" > 在 UART 上追加同步方式的序列信号变换电路的产品，被称为 USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
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Transmitter)。< / p >
< div class = "table-container" > < table class = "- topic/table table frame-all" id = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c" data-cols = "3" > < caption class = "- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side = "top" data-is-repeated = "true" > < span class = "table--title-label" > 表< span class = "table--title-label-number" > 1< / span > < span class = "table--title-label-punctuation" > . < / span > < / span > < span class = "table--title" > 术语定义< / span > < / caption > < colgroup > < col style = "width:21.69197396963124%" / > < col style = "width:42.51626898047723%" / > < col style = "width:35.791757049891544%" / > < / colgroup > < thead class = "- topic/thead thead" >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e63__20250519091509" > 术语< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e67__20250519091509" > 定义< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e71__20250519091509" > 注释说明< / p > < / th >
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< / tr >
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< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e81__20250519091509" > UART< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e85__20250519091509" > Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e89__20250519091509" > 通用异步收发传输器< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e96__20250519091509" > TTL< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e100__20250519091509" > Transistor-Transistor Logic< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e104__20250519091509" > 逻辑门电路< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e111__20250519091509" > DCD< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e115__20250519091509" > Data Carrier Detect< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e119__20250519091509" > 载波侦听< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e126__20250519091509" > DTR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e130__20250519091509" > Data Terminal Ready< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e134__20250519091509" > 数据终端准备好< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e141__20250519091509" > DSR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e145__20250519091509" > Data Set Ready< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e149__20250519091509" > 数据准备好< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e157__20250519091509" > RTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e161__20250519091509" > Request To Send< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e165__20250519091509" > 请求发送< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e172__20250519091509" > CTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e176__20250519091509" > Clear To Send< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e180__20250519091509" > 清除发送< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e187__20250519091509" > RI< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e191__20250519091509" > Ring Indicator< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e195__20250519091509" > 响铃指示< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e202__20250519091509" > THR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e206__20250519091509" > Transmit Holding Register< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e210__20250519091509" > 发送保持寄存器< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e217__20250519091509" > RBR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e221__20250519091509" > Receive Buffer Register< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e225__20250519091509" > 接收缓冲寄存器< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e232__20250519091509" > ACPI< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e236__20250519091509" > Advanced Configuration and Power Interface< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_eny_3yy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e240__20250519091509" > 高阶配置和电源接口< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< / tbody > < / table > < / div >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__id12" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__id12" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 模块特性< / h2 >
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< ul class = "- topic/ul ul simple" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_qj4_btm_fdc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_qj4_btm_fdc" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e255__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e257__20250519091509" > 兼容工业标准 16550 UART< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e261__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e263__20250519091509" > 256x8bit 发送与接收 FIFO< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e267__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e269__20250519091509" > 传输速度可达 3 Mbps< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e273__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e275__20250519091509" > 支持 5-8 数据位以及 1/1 ½/2 停止位< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e279__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e281__20250519091509" > 支持奇校验，偶校验或者无奇偶校验< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e286__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e288__20250519091509" > 支持 DMA 控制器接口< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e292__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e294__20250519091509" > 支持软件/硬件流控< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e298__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e300__20250519091509" > 支持 IrDA 1.0 SIR< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e304__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e306__20250519091509" > 支持 RS-485/9bit 模式< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e310__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e312__20250519091509" > RS-485 支持硬件使能< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e316__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e318__20250519091509" > Compact-IO 精简 2 线模式< / p >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / section >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_wll_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_wll_lyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 通信协议< / h2 >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e329__20250519091509" > UART 作为异步串行通信协议的一种，工作原理是将传输数据的每个字符一位接一位地传输。其协议中添加了一些特殊的表示位：< / p >
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< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_zfw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_zfw_qgp_ybc" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e334__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_agw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_agw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e340__20250519091509" > 起始位 Start bit< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e345__20250519091509" > 先发出一个逻辑“0”的信号， < / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e352__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_bgw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_bgw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e358__20250519091509" > 数据位 Data bits< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e363__20250519091509" > 紧接着起始位之后。数据位的个数可以是 4、5、6、7、8 等，构成一个字符。通常采用 ASCII
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码。从最低位开始传送，靠时钟定位。< / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e370__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_cgw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_cgw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e376__20250519091509" > 奇偶校验位 Parity< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e381__20250519091509" > 数据位加上这一位后， < / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e388__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_dgw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_dgw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e394__20250519091509" > 停止位 Stop bits< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e399__20250519091509" > 它是一个字符数据的结束标志。可以是 1 位、1.5 位、2 位的高电平。
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由于数据是在传输线上定时的，并且每一个设备有其自己的时钟，很可能在通信中两台设备间出现了小小的不同步。因此停止位不仅仅是表示传输的结束，并且提供计算机校正时钟同步的机会。停止位的位数越多，时钟同步的容忍程度越大，但是数据传输率会越慢< / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e406__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_egw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_egw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e412__20250519091509" > 流控 Flow contorl< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e417__20250519091509" > 管理两个节点之间数据传输速率的过程，以防止出现接收端的数据缓冲区已满，而发送端依然继续发送数据，所导致数据丢失，我们会在一些上位机上看到
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RTS /CTS、DTR /DSR 和 XON /XOFF 的选项，这是对流控制的选项< / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e425__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_fgw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_fgw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e431__20250519091509" > 空闲位< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e436__20250519091509" > 处于逻辑“1”状态， ， ， < / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e443__20250519091509" >
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< dl class = "- topic/dl dl" id = "uart_user_guide__dl_ggw_qgp_ybc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__dl_ggw_qgp_ybc" >
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< dt class = "- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid = "d64323e449__20250519091509" > 波特率 BaudRate< / dt >
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< dd class = "- topic/dd dd" >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e454__20250519091509" > 是衡量数据传送速率的指标。表示每秒钟传送的 bit 数。比如波特率 115200， < / p >
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< / dd >
< / dl >
< / li >
< / ul >
< ul class = "- topic/ul ul simple" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_aj4_btm_fdc" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_aj4_btm_fdc" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e464__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e466__20250519091509" > 串口、COM 口是指的物理接口形式(硬件)。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e470__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e472__20250519091509" > TTL、RS-232、RS-485 是指的电平标准(电信号)。< / p >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / section >
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< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_fml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_fml_lyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 参数信息< / h2 > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e481__20250519091509" > 在 UART
进行通信的时候，双方需要协商相关参数，否则无法进行信息解析，因此在通信之初，需要对所使用的工具设置上述的所有参数< / p > < div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e483__20250519091509" > < br / > < div class = "imagecenter" > < img class = "- topic/image image imagecenter" id = "uart_user_guide__image_gml_lyy_21c" src = "../../../images/uart/uart-param.jpg" alt = "uart-param1" / > < / div > < br / > < / div > < / section >
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< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_qvz_tyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_qvz_tyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 常用接口< / h2 >
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< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e495__20250519091509" > 串口、COM 口是指的物理接口形式(硬件)。TTL、RS-232、RS-485 是指的电平标准(电信号)。< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_pj4_vyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_pj4_vyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e499__20250519091509" > TTL< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_iml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_iml_lyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e503__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e505__20250519091509" > TTL 标准是低电平（ ） ， （ ） < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e509__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e511__20250519091509" > TTL 接口需要对端接口也为 TTL，
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更通用的接口。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e515__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e517__20250519091509" > TTL 接口为全双工，连接设备的时候一般只接 GND/RX/TX。不会接 Vcc 或者 +3.3v
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的电源线，避免与目标设备上的供电冲突，但 GND 可以保证源设备和目标设备供地，有助于信号稳定。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e521__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e523__20250519091509" > 信号线采用交叉的方式，即源端的 RX 连接目标设备的 TX， < / p >
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< / li >
< / ul > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e528__20250519091509" > RS232< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_jml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_jml_lyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e532__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e534__20250519091509" > RS232 标准是正电平（+3V~+15V） ， （ ） < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e538__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e540__20250519091509" > RS232 接口在总线上只允许连接 1 个收发器，单站能力。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e544__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e546__20250519091509" > RS232 传输线采用屏蔽双绞线，最高传输距离一般为 15M， < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e550__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e552__20250519091509" > RS232 接口为全双工，连接设备的时候一般只接 GND/RX/TX。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e556__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e558__20250519091509" > 信号线也采用交叉的方式，即源端的 RX 连接目标设备的 TX， < / p >
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< / li >
< / ul > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e563__20250519091509" > RS422< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_kml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_kml_lyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e567__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e569__20250519091509" > RS422
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标准采用差分信号负逻辑， （ ） （ ）
RS232 降低了，就不易损坏接口电路的芯片，且该电平与 TTL 电平兼容，可方便与 TTL 电路连接。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e573__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e575__20250519091509" > RS422 接口在总线上是允许连接多达 128 个收发器，多站能力。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e579__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e581__20250519091509" > RS422 的数据最高传输速率为 10Mbps， < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e585__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e587__20250519091509" > RS422 采用平衡发送和差分接收，
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接口的最大传输距离标准值为 4000 英尺（约 1219 米），实际上可达 3000 米。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e591__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e593__20250519091509" > RS422 是全双工，连接设备的时候一般接 RX+/RX-/TX+/TX-/GND。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e598__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e600__20250519091509" > 信号线也采用交叉的方式，即源端的 RX-/RX+ 连接目标设备的 TX-/TX+，源端的 TX-/TX+ 连接目标设备的
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RX-/RX+。< / p >
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< / li >
< / ul > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e605__20250519091509" > RS485< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_lml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_lml_lyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e609__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e611__20250519091509" > RS485 的电气性能和 RS422 完全一样，主要区别是 RS485 是半双工。连接设备的时候一般接 A-/A+/GND，
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接口定义了两组，同时必须使用同一组的+/-。< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e615__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e617__20250519091509" > 信号线也采用交叉的方式，即源端的 A- 连接目标设备的 A-，源端的 A+ 连接目标设备的 A+。< / p >
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< / li >
< / ul > < / li >
< / ul > < / div >
< / section >
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< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_qsp_xyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_qsp_xyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 插头< / h2 > < div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e627__20250519091509" > 公母之分< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_mml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_mml_lyy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e631__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e633__20250519091509" > 针形的为公头，孔形的为母头< / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e637__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e639__20250519091509" > PC 串口一般为公头，设备的一般为母头< / p >
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< / li >
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< / ul > < / div > < div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e643__20250519091509" >
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< br / > < div class = "imagecenter" > < img class = "- topic/image image imagecenter" id = "uart_user_guide__image_nml_lyy_21c" src = "../../../images/uart/port-male.jpg" width = "288" alt = "port-male1" / > < / div > < br / >
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< / div > RS232DB9 的信号分分四组：< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_pml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_pml_lyy_21c" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e654__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e656__20250519091509" > DCD/RI： < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e660__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e662__20250519091509" > DTR/DSR： < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e666__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e668__20250519091509" > RTS/CTS： < / p >
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< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e672__20250519091509" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e674__20250519091509" > RXD/TXD： < / p >
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< / li >
< / ul > < div class = "table-container" > < table class = "- topic/table table frame-all" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c" data-cols = "7" > < caption > < / caption > < colgroup > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < col style = "width:14.285714285714285%" / > < / colgroup > < thead class = "- topic/thead thead" >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e702__20250519091509" > 针序< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e706__20250519091509" > RS232< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e710__20250519091509" > 说明< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e714__20250519091509" > RS422< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e718__20250519091509" > 说明< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e723__20250519091509" > RS485< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e727__20250519091509" > 说明< / p > < / th >
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< / tr >
< / thead > < tbody class = "- topic/tbody tbody" >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e737__20250519091509" > 1< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e741__20250519091509" > DCD< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e745__20250519091509" > 数据载波检测< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e749__20250519091509" > RXD-< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e753__20250519091509" > 接收< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e758__20250519091509" > A-< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e762__20250519091509" > 组 1< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e769__20250519091509" > 2< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e773__20250519091509" > RXD< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e777__20250519091509" > 接收数据< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e781__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e785__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e790__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e794__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e801__20250519091509" > 3< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e805__20250519091509" > TXD< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e809__20250519091509" > 发送数据< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e813__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e817__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e822__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e826__20250519091509" > -< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e833__20250519091509" > 4< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e837__20250519091509" > DTR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e841__20250519091509" > 数据终端准备好< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e845__20250519091509" > TXD+< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e849__20250519091509" > 发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e854__20250519091509" > A+< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e858__20250519091509" > 组 2< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e865__20250519091509" > 5< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e869__20250519091509" > GND< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e873__20250519091509" > 信号地< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e877__20250519091509" > GND< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e881__20250519091509" > 信号地< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e886__20250519091509" > GND< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e890__20250519091509" > 信号地< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e898__20250519091509" > 6< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e902__20250519091509" > DSR< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e906__20250519091509" > 数据准备好< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e910__20250519091509" > RXD+< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e914__20250519091509" > 接收< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e919__20250519091509" > A+< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e923__20250519091509" > 组 1< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e930__20250519091509" > 7< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e934__20250519091509" > RTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e938__20250519091509" > 请求发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e942__20250519091509" > RTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e946__20250519091509" > 请求发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e951__20250519091509" > RTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e955__20250519091509" > 请求发送< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e962__20250519091509" > 8< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e966__20250519091509" > CTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e970__20250519091509" > 清除发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e974__20250519091509" > CTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e978__20250519091509" > 清除发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e983__20250519091509" > CTS< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e987__20250519091509" > 清除发送< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e994__20250519091509" > 9< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e998__20250519091509" > RI< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1002__20250519091509" > 响铃指示< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1006__20250519091509" > TXD-< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1010__20250519091509" > 发送< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__6" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1015__20250519091509" > A-< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_qml_lyy_21c__entry__7" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1019__20250519091509" > 组 2< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< / tbody > < / table > < / div >
< / section >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_rml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_rml_lyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 流控< / h2 >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1032__20250519091509" > 这里讲到的
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“流”，指的是数据流。在数据通信中，流控制是管理两个节点之间数据传输速率的过程，以防止出现接收端的数据缓冲区已满，而发送端依然继续发送数据，所导致数据丢失。< / p >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1035__20250519091509" > 当接收端的数据缓冲区已满，无法处理数据来时，就发出 “不再接收” 的信号，发送端则停止发送，直到发送端收到 “可以继续发送” 的信号再发送数据。< / p >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1038__20250519091509" > 计算机中常用的两种流控制分别是硬件流控制（ ） （ ） < ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_n1b_bzy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_n1b_bzy_21c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e1042__20250519091509" > 硬件流控< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1044__20250519091509" > RTS/CTS
属于硬件握手的一种，最初是设计为电传打字机和调制解调器半双工协作通信的，每次它只能一方调制解调器发送数据。终端必须发送请求发送信号然后等到调制解调器回应清除发送信号。< / p > < div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1046__20250519091509" >
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< br / > < div class = "imagecenter" > < img class = "- topic/image image imagecenter" id = "uart_user_guide__image_tml_lyy_21c" src = "../../../images/uart/flowctrol.jpg" alt = "flowctrol1" / > < / div > < br / >
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< / div > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e1055__20250519091509" > 软件流控< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1057__20250519091509" > 软件流控制（ ） ，
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串口通信。它是采用特殊字符来传输带内信令，特殊编码字符称作 XOFF 与 XON（
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on”） ， < / p > < div class = "table-container" > < table class = "- topic/table table frame-all" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c" data-cols = "5" > < caption > < / caption > < colgroup > < col style = "width:20%" / > < col style = "width:20%" / > < col style = "width:20%" / > < col style = "width:20%" / > < col style = "width:20%" / > < / colgroup > < thead class = "- topic/thead thead" >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1079__20250519091509" > 码的名字< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1083__20250519091509" > 含义< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1087__20250519091509" > ASCII< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1091__20250519091509" > 十进制< / p > < / th >
< th class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1095__20250519091509" > 十六进制< / p > < / th >
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< / tr >
< / thead > < tbody class = "- topic/tbody tbody" >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1105__20250519091509" > XOFF< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1109__20250519091509" > 暂停传输< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1113__20250519091509" > DC3< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1117__20250519091509" > 19< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1121__20250519091509" > 13< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr class = "- topic/row" >
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< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__1" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1128__20250519091509" > XON< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__2" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1132__20250519091509" > 恢复传输< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__3" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1136__20250519091509" > DC1< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__4" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1140__20250519091509" > 17< / p > < / td >
< td class = "- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers = "uart_user_guide__table_vml_lyy_21c__entry__5" > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1144__20250519091509" > 11< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
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< / tbody > < / table > < / div > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1150__20250519091509" > A 端的 DTR（ ） ， ， （ ）
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DSR（ ） （ ） （ ） < / p > < / li >
< / ul > < / div >
< / section >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "uart_user_guide__section_wml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__section_wml_lyy_21c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > RAW 模式< / h2 >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1161__20250519091509" > UART 作为 tty 设备工作时，有两种工作方式：< / p >
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< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "uart_user_guide__ul_xml_lyy_21c" data-ofbid = "uart_user_guide__ul_xml_lyy_21c" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e1166__20250519091509" > Canonical Input< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1168__20250519091509" > RX 端接收到数据之后不会直接反馈给用户态的 read
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函数，而是要一直等到一个回车，意即对一些特殊字符进行语意解析< / p > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d64323e1171__20250519091509" > Raw Input< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1173__20250519091509" > RX 端接收到什么直接返回到用户空间的 read 函数里面< / p > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d64323e1177__20250519091509" > 两种工作模式均为 kernel 层逻辑，和驱动/硬件无关，对于普通的 uart 应用，建议 Canonical 方式，对于 RS485 应用，建议使用 Raw
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方式，二者通过 termios 的 lflag 参数的 ICANON 位进行区分。< / p >
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< / section >
< / div >
< / article > < / main > < / div >
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< div class = " wh_child_links d-print-none " > < nav aria-label = "Child Links" role = "navigation" class = "- topic/related-links related-links" > < ul class = "ullinks" > < li class = "- topic/link link ulchildlink" > < strong > < a href = "../../../topics/sdk/uart/uart_config_lite.html" > 参数配置< / a > < / strong > < / li > < li class = "- topic/link link ulchildlink" > < strong > < a href = "../../../topics/sdk/uart/uart_debug_lite.html" > 调试指南< / a > < / strong > < / li > < li class = "- topic/link link ulchildlink" > < strong > < a href = "../../../topics/sdk/uart/uart_test_lite.html" > 测试指南< / a > < / strong > < / li > < li class = "- topic/link link ulchildlink" > < strong > < a href = "../../../topics/sdk/uart/uart_design_lite.html" > 设计说明< / a > < / strong > < / li > < li class = "- topic/link link ulchildlink" > < strong > < a href = "../../../topics/sdk/uart/uart_faq.html" > 常见问题< / a > < / strong > < / li > < / ul > < / nav > < / div >
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< div class = " wh_topic_toc " > < div class = "wh_topic_label" > 在本页上< / div > < ul > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__id12" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__id12" > 模块特性< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_wll_lyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_wll_lyy_21c" > 通信协议< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_fml_lyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_fml_lyy_21c" > 参数信息< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_qvz_tyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_qvz_tyy_21c" > 常用接口< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_qsp_xyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_qsp_xyy_21c" > 插头< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_rml_lyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_rml_lyy_21c" > 流控< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#uart_user_guide__section_wml_lyy_21c" data-tocid = "uart_user_guide__section_wml_lyy_21c" > RAW 模式< / a > < / div > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
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< footer class = "navbar navbar-default wh_footer" >
< div class = " footer-container mx-auto " >
< title > footer def< / title >
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< div class = "webhelp.fragment.footer" >
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< p class = "p1" > Copyright © 2019-2025 广东匠芯创科技有限公司. All rights reserved.< / p >
< / div >
< div >
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< div class = "generation_time" >
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Update Time: 2025-05-19
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< / div >
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< / div >
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< / div >
< / footer >
< div id = "go2top" class = "d-print-none" >
< span class = "oxy-icon oxy-icon-up" > < / span >
< / div >
< div id = "modal_img_large" class = "modal" >
< span class = "close oxy-icon oxy-icon-remove" > < / span >
< div id = "modal_img_container" > < / div >
< div id = "caption" > < / div >
< / div >
< script src = "${pd}/publishing/publishing-styles-AIC-template/js/custom.js" defer = "defer" > < / script >
< / body >
< / html >
