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id="uart_user_guide-d3752e6561-link">UART 使用指南</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="usb_user_guide-d3752e6645" class="topicref" data-id="usb_user_guide" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action usb_user_guide-d3752e6645-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb_user_guide.html" id="usb_user_guide-d3752e6645-link">USB 使用指南</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true"><div data-tocid="id-d3752e6715" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="expanded"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-collapse-action id-d3752e6715-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_user_guide.html" id="id-d3752e6715-link">MAC 使用指南</a></div></div><ul role="group" class="navbar-nav nav-list"><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="id-d3752e6729" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_config_lite.html" id="id-d3752e6729-link">参数配置</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="id-d3752e6743" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_debug_lite.html" id="id-d3752e6743-link">调试指南</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="mac_test_guide-d3752e6757" class="topicref" data-id="mac_test_guide" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_test.html" id="mac_test_guide-d3752e6757-link">测试指南</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" class="active"><div data-tocid="id-d3752e6771" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_design_lite.html" id="id-d3752e6771-link">设计说明</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="mac_common_issues-d3752e6785" class="topicref" data-id="mac_common_issues" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/mac/mac_faq.html" id="mac_common_issues-d3752e6785-link">常见问题</a></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="chapter-safety-d3752e6799" class="topicref" data-id="chapter-safety" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action chapter-safety-d3752e6799-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-safety-sdk.html" id="chapter-safety-d3752e6799-link">安全</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">SPI ENC、CE、eFuse 等安全模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div>
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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic topic" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
|
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<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://aicdocco/taskstopics/sdk/mac/mac_design_lite.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">设计说明</h1>
|
||
<div class="date inPage">16 May 2025</div><div style="color: gray;">
|
||
Read time: 2 minute(s)
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/body body">
|
||
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id2" data-ofbid="id__id2"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">代码结构</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e35__20250519091518">Ethernet 的源码牵涉三个目录 </p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" data-ofbid="d121792e38__20250519091518">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e40__20250519091518"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e41__20250519091518">硬件驱动相关</p><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">packages/third-party/lwip/contrib/ports/drv/aic/</span></li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e46__20250519091518"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e47__20250519091518">操作系统相关</p>LwIP 运行需要实现的操作系统相关接口及架构相关的定义
|
||
<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">packages/third-party/lwip/contrib/ports/rt-thread/</span></li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e53__20250519091518"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e54__20250519091518">LwIP 内核相关</p>LwIP 内核协议栈源码
|
||
<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">packages/third-party/lwip/src/</span></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table frame-all" id="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc" data-ofbid="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc" data-cols="2"><caption class="- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side="top" data-is-repeated="true"><span class="table--title-label">表<span class="table--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="table--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="table--title">驱动文件说明</span></caption><colgroup><col style="width:32.02764976958525%"/><col style="width:67.97235023041476%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead">
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e77__20250519091518">文件名称</p></th>
|
||
<th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e81__20250519091518">用途</p></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody">
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e91__20250519091518">aic_mac.c</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e95__20250519091518">实际操作 MAC 寄存器的 MAC 驱动源文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e102__20250519091518">aic_mac.h</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e106__20250519091518">MAC 驱动头文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e113__20250519091518">aic_mac_ll.c</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e117__20250519091518">非操作 MAC 寄存器 MAC 驱动源文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e124__20250519091518">aic_mac_reg.h</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e128__20250519091518">MAC 寄存器定义头文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e135__20250519091518">aic_phy.c</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e139__20250519091518">通用 PHY 驱动源文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e147__20250519091518">aic_phy.h</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e151__20250519091518">通用 PHY 驱动头文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e158__20250519091518">ethernetif.c</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e162__20250519091518">LwIP 接口需要调用的核心 MAC 驱动源文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__1"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e169__20250519091518">ethernetif.h</p></td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_s5t_kzn_fdc__entry__2"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e173__20250519091518">LwIP 接口需要调用的 MAC 驱动头文件</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody></table></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id4" data-ofbid="id__id4"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">驱动架构</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id5">
|
||
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b"></strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e193__20250519091518"><span class="- topic/ph ph">Luban-Lite</span> GMAC 驱动架构如下图。应用程序可通过标准 Socket 接口或基于 RAW 的 Callback 接口编写应
|
||
用逻辑。除此之外，<span class="- topic/ph ph">Luban-Lite</span> 在标准 LwIP 上封装了部分测试命令(ArtInChip
|
||
Tools)，如”ping”、”iperf”、”ifconfig”、 “mqtt”等测试命令可供上层开发人员进行基础的测试。</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e200__20250519091518">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" src="../../../images/mac/mac-system.png" alt="mac-system"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">驱动架构图</span></figcaption></figure></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id6" data-ofbid="id__id6"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">关键流程设计</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e218__20250519091518">以太网在初始化过程中会创建三个任务， 三个任务的优先级由高到低分别是：线路链接状态检测任务、 网卡数据包输入任务、以及协议栈处理任务、</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" data-ofbid="d121792e221__20250519091518">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e223__20250519091518">
|
||
<dl class="- topic/dl dl simple" data-ofbid="d121792e225__20250519091518">
|
||
|
||
<dt class="- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid="d121792e229__20250519091518"> 线路链接状态检测任务</dt>
|
||
<dd class="- topic/dd dd">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e234__20250519091518">线路链路状态检测任务是周期轮询的任务，轮询时间一般为 1S 或 2S。主要功能是实时检测当前
|
||
网络链路的链接状态，一旦网络链路状态发生改变，就通过当前的链路状态选择当前以太网的打开状态</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e241__20250519091518">
|
||
<dl class="- topic/dl dl simple" data-ofbid="d121792e243__20250519091518">
|
||
|
||
<dt class="- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid="d121792e247__20250519091518"> 网卡数据包输入任务</dt>
|
||
<dd class="- topic/dd dd">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e252__20250519091518">网络包接收任务可以是周期轮询的任务也可以是事件驱动型的任务，主要取决于产品需求。 主要功能是与硬件 DMA 进行协作，读取当前
|
||
DMA 已经搬运完成的数据包，并将缓冲区还给 DMA。 然后再将接收完成的数据包交给协议栈任务进行处理</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d121792e259__20250519091518">
|
||
<dl class="- topic/dl dl simple" data-ofbid="d121792e261__20250519091518">
|
||
|
||
<dt class="- topic/dt dt dlterm" data-ofbid="d121792e265__20250519091518">协议栈处理任务</dt>
|
||
<dd class="- topic/dd dd">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e270__20250519091518">协议栈处理任务为事件驱动型任务，为以太网驱动的核心。事件的来源可以是网络包接收任务、
|
||
超时事件、也可以是协议栈自身发出的请求。主要处理数据包的解包、封包、TCP/IP 协议等</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id7"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">初始化流程</strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e282__20250519091518">MAC 模块初始化一般发生在协议栈初始化之后，驱动层通过 netif_add 接口将 ethernetif_init 传入，并在设置完 LwIP 属性之后调用
|
||
ethernetif_init 接口，然后开始执行模块的初始化流程</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e284__20250519091518">
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" src="../../../images/mac/mac-init.png" width="96" alt="mac-init"/></div><br/>
|
||
</figure></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id8"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">启动流程</strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e297__20250519091518">MAC 初始化完成后，不会直接使能 MAC 的发送与接收，而是当 PHY 自协商完成后，才需要打开 MAC 的全部功能。</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e299__20250519091518">
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" src="../../../images/mac/mac-startup.png" width="96" alt="mac-startup"/></div><br/>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id9"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">发送流程</strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e314__20250519091518">当有数据需要发送时，LwIP 协议栈会组织好待发送的网卡数据包，然后调用 low_level_output 接口
|
||
完成数据包的发送过程</p><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e316__20250519091518">网卡数据包实际的发送过程只有一种，就是 MAC 内部集成的 DMA 通过发送描述符将数据包发送至网卡 内部的
|
||
FIFO(先入先出缓冲区)，再由 FIFO 将数据包发送至 PHY 芯片。因此实际的数据包发送过程一 般都是组装 DMA 发送描述符的过程</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e318__20250519091518">
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" src="../../../images/mac/mac-send.png" width="96" alt="mac-send"/></div><br/>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id10"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">接收流程</strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e332__20250519091518">与发送过程类似，接收过程也需要完全依赖 MAC 内部的 DMA。当一帧完整的以太网数据帧到来时，DMA 将从 MAC 内部的 FIFO
|
||
中将数据拷贝至接收描述符描述的缓存地址中，当 DMA 传输完成时，会触发一个 DMA
|
||
接收完成中断，软件获取到这一中断事件后，就需要根据当前的描述符找到当前网卡的缓存，并将 以太网数据帧取出。并将 DMA 描述符归还至 DMA</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e334__20250519091518">
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" src="../../../images/mac/mac-receive.png" width="96" alt="mac-receive"/></div><br/>
|
||
</figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id11"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">中断流程</strong>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d121792e348__20250519091518">能触发 MAC 中断的事件很多，但在实时系统中一般只开启 MAC 的 DMA 接收完成中断。因此 MAC 的中断
|
||
流程设计会相对较简单，只判断是否是接收中断，然后如果是接收中断就释放一个信号量通知网卡 数据包输入任务去 DMA 缓存中取数据</p><figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" data-ofbid="d121792e350__20250519091518">
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