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id="lvgl-hw-decoder-d5856e4796-link">硬件解码对接</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="lvgl-freetype-d5856e4808" class="topicref" data-id="lvgl-freetype" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl-freetype.html" id="lvgl-freetype-d5856e4808-link">第三方 FreeType 库支持</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="lvgl-demo-d5856e4820" class="topicref" data-id="lvgl-demo" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl-demo.html" id="lvgl-demo-d5856e4820-link">LVGL Demo</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="id-d5856e4832" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl_add_app.html" id="id-d5856e4832-link">添加应用</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="id-d5856e4844" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl_special_func.html" id="id-d5856e4844-link">屏幕旋转</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="id-d5856e4856" class="topicref" data-id="id" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl_faq.html" id="id-d5856e4856-link">常见问题</a></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d5856e4868" class="topicref" data-id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d5856e4868-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-interface-sdk.html" id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d5856e4868-link">接口</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">CAN<span class="ph">、CAP</span>、CIR、GPAI、GPIO、I2C、PSADC、PWM 等接口模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="chapter-safety-d5856e6083" class="topicref" data-id="chapter-safety" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action chapter-safety-d5856e6083-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-safety-sdk.html" id="chapter-safety-d5856e6083-link">安全</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">SPI ENC、CE、eFuse 等安全模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div>
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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic topic" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/lvgl/lvgl_design_guide.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">设计说明</h1><div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
|
||
Read time: 3 minute(s)
|
||
</div><div class="- topic/body body"><div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id2">
|
||
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">代码目录</strong>
|
||
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_szg_1zf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_szg_1zf_fdc">luban-lite/packages/artinchip/lvgl-ui
|
||
├── aic_demo <em class="hl-comment">// aic lvgl demo</em>
|
||
├── lv_driver <em class="hl-comment">// lvgl 显示和 2D 加速对接</em>
|
||
├── lvgl <em class="hl-comment">// lvgl 库</em>
|
||
├── aic_ui.c <em class="hl-comment">// aic demo 入口</em>
|
||
├── aic_ui.h <em class="hl-comment">// aic demo 头文件</em>
|
||
├── lv_conf.h <em class="hl-comment">// lvgl 配置文件</em>
|
||
├── lv_demo.c <em class="hl-comment">// lvgl demo 入口函数</em>
|
||
└── SConscript
|
||
</pre></div><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_w32_hpf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__section_w32_hpf_fdc"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">LVGL 整体流程</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e31__20250121171736">LVGL 的运行基于定时器 (Timer)，系统需要给 LVGL 一个“心跳”，即定时调用 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_tick_get()</span>
|
||
函数来获取当前时间，才能正常运转。LVGL 运行流程中涉及以下关键函数：<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_uzg_1zf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_uzg_1zf_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e37__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e39__20250121171736"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_tick_get()</span>：获取以毫秒为单位的 tick 时间。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e44__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e46__20250121171736"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_timer_handler()</span>：在 while 循环中的基于定时器的任务处理</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e51__20250121171736">函数 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_task_handler()</span> 会调用
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_timer_handler()</span>。<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_tick_get()</span>
|
||
决定了 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_timer_handler()</span> 基于定时器的任务处理的时间的准确性。</p>
|
||
</li></ul></div>
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id11" data-ofbid="id__id11"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_tzg_1zf_fdc" src="../../../images/lvgl/key_process.png" alt="key_process1"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">整体流程</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/div div"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_tick_get()</span> 的实现代码</strong><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e81__20250121171736">在文件
|
||
<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">lv_hal_tick.c</span> 中的 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_tick_get()</span>
|
||
的实现代码如下：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_j5q_czf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_j5q_czf_fdc">uint32_t lv_tick_get(<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong>)
|
||
{
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> LV_TICK_CUSTOM == <span class="hl-number">0</span>
|
||
|
||
<em class="hl-comment">/*If `lv_tick_inc` is called from an interrupt while `sys_time` is read
|
||
*the result might be corrupted.
|
||
*This loop detects if `lv_tick_inc` was called while reading `sys_time`.
|
||
*If `tick_irq_flag` was cleared in `lv_tick_inc` try to read again
|
||
*until `tick_irq_flag` remains `1`.*/</em>
|
||
uint32_t result;
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">do</strong> {
|
||
tick_irq_flag = <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
|
||
result = sys_time;
|
||
} <strong class="hl-keyword">while</strong>(!tick_irq_flag); <em class="hl-comment">/*Continue until see a non interrupted cycle*/</em>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> result;
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">else</strong>
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> LV_TICK_CUSTOM_SYS_TIME_EXPR;
|
||
#endif
|
||
}</pre></div><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e91__20250121171736">在头文件 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">lv_rt_thread_conf.h</span> 中定义了上述函数中的
|
||
LV_TICK_CUSTOM_SYS_TIME_EXPR<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_y4x_czf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_y4x_czf_fdc">#<span class="hl-directive">define</span> LV_TICK_CUSTOM <span class="hl-number">1</span>
|
||
#<span class="hl-directive">define</span> LV_TICK_CUSTOM_INCLUDE LV_RTTHREAD_INCLUDE
|
||
#<span class="hl-directive">define</span> LV_TICK_CUSTOM_SYS_TIME_EXPR (rt_tick_get_millisecond()) <em class="hl-comment">/*Expression evaluating to current system time in ms*/</em></pre></div><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e98__20250121171736">创建
|
||
LVGL
|
||
线程的代码如下所示：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_yj3_dzf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_yj3_dzf_fdc"><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> lvgl_thread_entry(<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> *parameter)
|
||
{
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> LV_USE_LOG
|
||
lv_log_register_print_cb(lv_rt_log);
|
||
#endif <em class="hl-comment">/* LV_USE_LOG */</em>
|
||
lv_init();
|
||
lv_port_disp_init();
|
||
lv_port_indev_init();
|
||
lv_user_gui_init();
|
||
|
||
<em class="hl-comment">/* handle the tasks of LVGL */</em>
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">while</strong>(<span class="hl-number">1</span>)
|
||
{
|
||
lv_task_handler();
|
||
rt_thread_mdelay(SLEEP_PERIOD);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> lvgl_thread_init(<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong>)
|
||
{
|
||
rt_err_t err;
|
||
|
||
err = rt_thread_init(&lvgl_thread, <span class="hl-string">"LVGL"</span>, lvgl_thread_entry, RT_NULL,
|
||
&lvgl_thread_stack[<span class="hl-number">0</span>], <strong class="hl-keyword">sizeof</strong>(lvgl_thread_stack), LPKG_LVGL_THREAD_PRIO, <span class="hl-number">0</span>);
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong>(err != RT_EOK)
|
||
{
|
||
LOG_E(<span class="hl-string">"Failed to create LVGL thread"</span>);
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> -<span class="hl-number">1</span>;
|
||
}
|
||
rt_thread_startup(&lvgl_thread);
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
|
||
}</pre></div><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e102__20250121171736">LVGL 通过定时器机制来驱动其内部任务处理，用户只需实现下列显示、输入设备和 UI
|
||
界面相关的初始化函数，即可快速构建嵌入式系统的图形界面：<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_vzg_1zf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_vzg_1zf_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e105__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e107__20250121171736"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_port_disp_init()</span>：实现显示接口的对接以及硬件 2D 加速的对接</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e112__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e114__20250121171736"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">lv_port_indev_init()</span>：实现触摸屏的对接</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e119__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e121__20250121171736"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname"> lv_user_gui_init()</span>：适配不同 UI 界面的初始化</p>
|
||
</li></ul></div></div>
|
||
</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_xbw_fzf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__section_xbw_fzf_fdc"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">LVGL 层次结构</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e133__20250121171736">
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id12" data-ofbid="id__id12"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_wzg_1zf_fdc" src="../../../images/lvgl/struct.png" alt="struct1.png"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 2</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">LVGL 层次结构</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e143__20250121171736">LVGL 层次结构主要包括以下几个部分：<ul class="- topic/ul ul simple" id="id__ul_xzg_1zf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_xzg_1zf_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e146__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e148__20250121171736">Display：显示设备，是对显示驱动的封装和抽象。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e151__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e153__20250121171736">Screen：屏幕对象，表示不同的界面。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e156__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e158__20250121171736">Layer：图层，表示屏幕上的不同绘制区域。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e161__20250121171736">
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e163__20250121171736">一个 display 包含多个 screen，每个 screen 又包含多个 layer。layer
|
||
按照层级关系叠加在一起，形成最终的显示效果。具体来说：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="id__ul_kjv_vqg_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_kjv_vqg_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e166__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e168__20250121171736">Active Screen：当前活动的屏幕，承载主要的应用程序界面，是所有操作的主要界面，处于最底层。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e171__20250121171736">一般在 Active Screen 实现不同的 app 界面，用户可以创建多个 screen，但只能有一个 screen
|
||
设置为 Active Screen</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e174__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e176__20250121171736">Top layer：位于 Active Screen 之上的图层，通常用来创建弹出窗口。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e179__20250121171736">Top layer 永远在 Active Screen 之上。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e182__20250121171736">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e184__20250121171736">System layer：位于最顶层，通常用于显示系统级别的信息，比如鼠标可以在 System
|
||
layer，永远不会被遮挡</p>
|
||
</li></ul></div>
|
||
</li></ul></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e189__20250121171736">为了更好地理解 LVGL 的层次结构，可以参考以下图层叠加的示意图：<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id13" data-ofbid="id__id13"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_yzg_1zf_fdc" src="../../../images/lvgl/layer.png" alt="layer1"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 3</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">图层叠加</span></figcaption></figure></div>
|
||
</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_hmp_fzf_fdc" data-ofbid="id__section_hmp_fzf_fdc"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">父子结构</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d268060e203__20250121171736">父子结构的设计是 LVGL 面向对象的核心设计之一，使得图形界面的层次关系和布局管理变得非常直观和灵活。父子结构的特点如下所示：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="id__ul_stx_nrg_fdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_stx_nrg_fdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e206__20250121171736">每一个对象都包含一个父对象，screen 对象除外。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e208__20250121171736">一个父对象可以包含任意数量的子对象。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e210__20250121171736">创建对象时需要传入父对象的指针，如果父对象为 NULL，则表示创建的是 screen
|
||
对象。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_wvl_f1g_fdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_wvl_f1g_fdc">lv_obj_create(NULL);</pre></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e214__20250121171736">父对象和子对象一起移动。<div class="- topic/div div section" id="id__id5">
|
||
<strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b"> 父子对象一起移动</strong>
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<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id14" data-ofbid="id__id14"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_zzg_1zf_fdc" src="../../../images/lvgl/move.png" alt="move1"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 4</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">父子对象移动</span></figcaption></figure>
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||
</div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d268060e228__20250121171736">子对象超出父对象部分不可见。<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id15" data-ofbid="id__id15"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_a1h_1zf_fdc" src="../../../images/lvgl/outside1.png" alt="outside1"/></div><br/><figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 5</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">子对象可见区域</span></figcaption></figure></li></ul></div>
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_w32_hpf_fdc" data-tocid="id__section_w32_hpf_fdc">LVGL 整体流程</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_xbw_fzf_fdc" data-tocid="id__section_xbw_fzf_fdc">LVGL 层次结构</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_hmp_fzf_fdc" data-tocid="id__section_hmp_fzf_fdc">父子结构</a></div></li></ul></div>
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