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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/mem/d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">TCM + SRAM + PSRAM</h1><div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 1 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><p class="- topic/shortdesc shortdesc"></p><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e20__20250121171536"> 支持把部分 SRAM 挂载成 Tightly Coupled Memory (TCM)。TCM 的主要优势在于其内存区域由
|
||
CPU 独占访问，不会与其他外设发生总线竞争，这对某些需要高实时性的代码来说至关重要。TCM + SRAM + PSRAM 配置和<a class="- topic/xref xref" href="d13x-mem-1-sram-psram.html">SRAM + PSRAM</a> 配置的区别在于是否开启 TCM 上，本节仅描述两种配置的差异。</p><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e26__20250121171536"> 提供了 128K 的指令 TCM (ITCM) 和 128K 的数据 TCM
|
||
(DTCM)，分别用于存储实时代码和实时数据。开启 TCM 功能后，SRAM_S0 空间就会对应的减少 256K，因为这部分内存会被重新分配给 ITCM 和 DTCM
|
||
使用。</p><section class="- topic/section section" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__section_jfq_ypj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__section_jfq_ypj_bdc"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">内存布局和使用策略</h2>
|
||
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||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__fig_kfq_ypj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__fig_kfq_ypj_bdc"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__image_yqn_gcd_bdc" src="../../../images/memory/d13x_mem_layout2.png" width="576" alt="d13x_mem_layout2"/></div><br/></figure>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e38__20250121171536">如图所示，针对 TCM Memory 资源，软件会使用以下策略来进行分配：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_xwt_bcn_mdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_xwt_bcn_mdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e42__20250121171536">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e44__20250121171536">将 TCM 划分为 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ITCM Region</code> 和 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">DTCM Region</code>
|
||
两个区域，分别用于实时代码和数据。</p>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e53__20250121171536">
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e55__20250121171536">将每个 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">Region</span> 进一步划分成以下子区域：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_sd4_tzj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_sd4_tzj_bdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e61__20250121171536">静态分配 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">Static</span>：编译链接后可确认地址。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e66__20250121171536">动态分配 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">Heap</span>：Heap 内存池运行时确定地址。</li></ul></div>
|
||
</li></ul>
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||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e73__20250121171536">综合上述策略，TCM 空间被软件划分成四块区域：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_brn_gcd_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_brn_gcd_bdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e76__20250121171536"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ITCM Static</code>：ITCM 静态分配区域。<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e80__20250121171536">通过在函数定义中加入
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">TCM_CODE_DEFINE</span>
|
||
宏声明，可链接到此区域：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_qhr_hrj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_qhr_hrj_bdc"><em class="hl-comment">// 函数定义：</em>
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> TCM_CODE_DEFINE test_func(<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong>);</pre></div></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e87__20250121171536">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e89__20250121171536"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ITCM Heap</code>：ITCM 动态分配区域，即 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">heap_itcm</span>
|
||
内存池。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e97__20250121171536">可以通过以下函数从该内存池分配内存：</p>
|
||
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_d5h_mpj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_d5h_mpj_bdc">aicos_malloc(MEM_ITCM, size);</pre>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e103__20250121171536">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e105__20250121171536"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">DTCM Static</code>：DTCM 静态分配区域。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e110__20250121171536">通过在全局变量定义中加入 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">TCM_DATA_DEFINE</span> 宏声明，可链接到此区域：</p>
|
||
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_ypk_mpj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_ypk_mpj_bdc"><em class="hl-comment">// 全局变量定义：</em>
|
||
TCM_DATA_DEFINE <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> a = <span class="hl-number">1</span>;</pre>
|
||
</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e119__20250121171536">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e121__20250121171536"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">DTCM Heap</code>：DTCM 动态分配区域，即 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">heap_dtcm</span>
|
||
内存池。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e129__20250121171536">通过以下函数，可从该内存池分配内存：</p>
|
||
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_dfm_mpj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_dfm_mpj_bdc">aicos_malloc(MEM_DTCM, size);</pre>
|
||
</li></ul></div>
|
||
</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__id13" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__id13"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">参数配置</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e141__20250121171536">通过 <span class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/cmdname keyword cmdname">scons --menuconfig</span> 命令进入 menuconfig
|
||
配置界面，配置下列 Meomry
|
||
相关参数：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_rpw_yxm_mdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_rpw_yxm_mdc">Board options --->
|
||
Mem Options ---></pre></div>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_krn_gcd_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__ul_krn_gcd_bdc"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d101506e150__20250121171536">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d101506e152__20250121171536">使能 TCM 空间</p>
|
||
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_ls4_mpj_bdc" data-ofbid="d13x-mem-2-tcm-sram-psram__codeblock_ls4_mpj_bdc">SRAM parameter --->
|
||
[*] Enable TCM (Tightly Coupled Memory) <em class="hl-comment">// 开启 TCM 功能，SRAM_S0 空间相应的会减小 256k</em></pre>
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