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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1"><span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/sdmc/sdmc-init-procedures.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">初始化流程</h1><div class="date inPage">15 Jul 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 1 minute(s)
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</div><div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e23__20250121171517">MMC 子系统的初始化包括 MMC 块设备、MMC 子系统、MMC 控制器驱动、card 设备等几条线，初始化顺序：</p><ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_jnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_jnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e26__20250121171517">MMC 核心初始化</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e28__20250121171517">MC 控制器驱动初始化完成后才会对 card 设备进行初始化</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e30__20250121171517">MMC 块设备初始化没有严格的先后顺序</li></ol><section class="- topic/section section" id="sdmc_init_procedures__section_knz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_knz_yrt_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">MMC 块设备驱动初始化</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e37__20250121171517">MMC 在使用中，会将其抽象成一个块设备挂载到通用块层当中，通过 module_init(mmc_blk_init) 完成注册和初始化的操作，主要步骤如下：</p>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_lnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_lnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e41__20250121171517">注册总线（bus_register）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e43__20250121171517">将块设备名 ”mmc” 和主设备注册到块层中（register_blkdev）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e45__20250121171517">将 driver 设备驱动注册到驱动模型中（mmc_register_driver）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e47__20250121171517">块设备的初始化及磁盘分区的注册（mmc_blk_probe）。</li></ol>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="sdmc_init_procedures__section_mnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_mnz_yrt_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">MMC 子系统核心初始化</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e55__20250121171517">MMC 子系统的核心层负责处理 block 下达的请求，其中关于 MMC 协议的逻辑主要在此实现，通过 subsys_initcall(mmc_init)
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完成初始化，其步骤如下：</p>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_nnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_nnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e59__20250121171517">MMC 类型总线注册（mmc_register_bus）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e61__20250121171517">为控制器设备注册一个类（mmc_register_host_class）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e63__20250121171517">SDIO 类型总线类型注册（sdio_register_b）。</li></ol>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="sdmc_init_procedures__section_onz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_onz_yrt_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">card 设备注册与初始化</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e71__20250121171517">MMC 驱动的访问对象为外设，在子系统中会将外设抽象成一个 card 设备，在每次探测外设的时候都会判断该设备是否需要被注册，所以 card 设备注册介绍分为探测时机和注册过程两部分：</p>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_pnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_pnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e75__20250121171517">探测时机：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_rnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_rnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e78__20250121171517">mmc 控制器启动时</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e80__20250121171517">热插拔时</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e82__20250121171517">mmc 控制器从 suspend 转为 resume 时</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e84__20250121171517">上述三种情况均会进行一次探测，都会调用到函数 mmc_detect_change</li></ul></li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e86__20250121171517">注册过程：<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e88__20250121171517">在探测时调用的函数 mmc_detect_change，该函数会调用 card 设备的注册函数 mmc_rescan，以 SD
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卡为例,其注册和初始化过程如下：<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_tnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ul_tnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e91__20250121171517">判断当前卡是否被注册</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e93__20250121171517">若卡已经注册，则确认卡是否存在，存在则提前跳出，若不存在则释放相关资源</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e95__20250121171517">若卡未注册，则启动控制器进行卡的初始化步骤</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e97__20250121171517">为控制器绑定具体总线的操作函数（mmc_attach_bus(host, &mmc_sd_ops)）</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e99__20250121171517">适配卡的工作电压（mmc_select_voltage）</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e101__20250121171517">根据 MMC 协议初始化卡，使卡进入传输模式化（mmc_sd_init_card）</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e103__20250121171517">注册卡设备（mmc_add_card）</li></ul></div></li></ol>
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</section><section class="- topic/section section" id="sdmc_init_procedures__section_unz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_unz_yrt_c1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">控制器驱动注册与初始化</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d43268e111__20250121171517">MMC 控制器驱动通过对控制器进行操作完成核心层的请求，控制器驱动也是实现和外设进行通信的软件最底层驱动，该层驱动根据厂商不同而不同，D211 的 SDMC
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模块的控制器驱动通过 module_platform_driver(artinchip_mmc_aic_pltfm_driver) 实现，其主要步骤如下：</p>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_vnz_yrt_c1c" data-ofbid="sdmc_init_procedures__ol_vnz_yrt_c1c"><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e115__20250121171517">使能时钟（artinchip_mmc_clk_enable）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e117__20250121171517">初始化计时机制，该机制实现发送命令和数据传输的 timeout 机制（timer_setup）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e119__20250121171517">初始化保护锁（spin_lock_init）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e121__20250121171517">初始化 tasklet，在驱动中很多流程的处理会在 tasklet 中（tasklet_init）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e123__20250121171517">初始化 DMA（artinchip_mmc_init_dma）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e125__20250121171517">中断初始化和注册（devm_request_irq）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e127__20250121171517">注册具体的控制器（mmc_alloc_host + mmc_add_host）。</li><li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d43268e129__20250121171517">初始化具体控制器，包括接口函数、工作电压、传输能力等。</li></ol>
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#sdmc_init_procedures__section_knz_yrt_c1c" data-tocid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_knz_yrt_c1c">MMC 块设备驱动初始化</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#sdmc_init_procedures__section_mnz_yrt_c1c" data-tocid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_mnz_yrt_c1c">MMC 子系统核心初始化</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#sdmc_init_procedures__section_onz_yrt_c1c" data-tocid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_onz_yrt_c1c">card 设备注册与初始化</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#sdmc_init_procedures__section_unz_yrt_c1c" data-tocid="sdmc_init_procedures__section_unz_yrt_c1c">控制器驱动注册与初始化</a></div></li></ul></div>
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