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< div class = "date inPage" > 16 May 2025< / div > < div style = "color: gray;" >
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Read time: 4 minute(s)
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e31__20250519091517" > Luban-Lite 提供 Backtrace
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及解析功能，便于开发者准确定位软件调试中出现的系统崩溃问题，例如内存访问越界。在系统创建线程时，会分配栈内存空间，通过分析运行时栈内存的结构，逐层解析函数调用的历史记录，从而定位出软件异常的问题点。< / p >
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< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e34__20250519091517" > 本节适用于以下芯片系列：< ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "backtrace__ul_awd_1zw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__ul_awd_1zw_52c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e38__20250519091517" > D21x< / li >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e41__20250519091517" > D13x< / li >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e44__20250519091517" > D12x< / li >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e47__20250519091517" > G73x< / li >
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< / ul > < / div >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e51__20250519091517" > 栈回溯功能的相关工具均已包含在最新 SDK 中，确保已更新至最新的 SDK。< / p >
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< div class = "- topic/note note note note_note" id = "backtrace__note_pbr_xyw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__note_pbr_xyw_52c" > < span class = "note__title" > 注：< / span > 在 Luban-Lite 中，
BootLoader。< / div >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "backtrace__section_mms_zzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__section_mms_zzw_52c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > Backtrace 配置方法< / h2 >
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< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e62__20250519091517" > 在 menuconfig 中开启 Backtrace debug
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功能，并修改编译链接脚本以支持栈回溯，以便在发生系统异常时打印出函数调用地址。详细配置流程如下所示：< div class = "- topic/note note note note_note" id = "backtrace__note_jgr_tgg_y2c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__note_jgr_tgg_y2c" > < span class = "note__title" > 注：< / span > 为避免量产软件的性能受影响，确保在量产软件中关闭 backtrace。< / div > < ol class = "- topic/ol ol" id = "backtrace__ol_bh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__ol_bh1_xzw_52c" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e68__20250519091517" > 在 SDK 的 menuconfig 功能配置界面，选择项目的 RT-Thread 配置页，并打开 Backtrace
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调试功能：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_dh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_dh1_xzw_52c" > Drivers options --->
Drivers debug
[*] Enable Backtrace debug< / pre > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e73__20250519091517" > 保存并退出配置界面。< / li >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e76__20250519091517" > 修改编译链接脚本以支持栈回溯： < ul class = "- topic/ul ul" id = "backtrace__ul_fh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__ul_fh1_xzw_52c" >
< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e80__20250519091517" > 在项目对应芯片目录中打开编译链接脚本，例如
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< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > D12x/bsp/artinchip/sys/d21x/rtconfig.py< / span > 。< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e86__20250519091517" > 将 BACKTRACE = False 修改为 BACKTRACE = True： < / li >
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< / ul > < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_hh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_hh1_xzw_52c" > ...
# BACKTRACE = True
BACKTRACE = False
...< / pre > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e92__20250519091517" > 保存文件并关闭编辑器。< / li >
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< / ol > < / div >
< / section >
< section class = "- topic/section section" id = "backtrace__section_ih1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__section_ih1_xzw_52c" > < h2 class = "- topic/title title sectiontitle" > 实例分析< / h2 >
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< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e103__20250519091517" > 以下是一个制造非法内存访问的示例代码，用于演示如何生成和解析栈回溯信息：< / p >
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< ol class = "- topic/ol ol" id = "backtrace__ol_jh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__ol_jh1_xzw_52c" >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e108__20250519091517" > 在 SDK 中加入下列代码进行编译、烧录：< div class = "- topic/note note note note_note" id = "backtrace__note_mss_2bx_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__note_mss_2bx_52c" > < span class = "note__title" > 注：< / span >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e112__20250519091517" > 如需使用栈回溯，务必保证镜像和生成的 elf 文件对应，即编译一次、烧录一次、分析一次。< / p >
< / div > < p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e115__20250519091517" > 此段代码尝试写入一个空指针地址，导致存储访问故障。< / p > < pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_lh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_lh1_xzw_52c" > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > stack_protector_test(< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > argc, < strong class = "hl-keyword" > char< / strong > **argv)
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{
< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > * p = NULL;
p = (< strong class = "hl-keyword" > int< / strong > *)< span class = "hl-number" > 0x80000000< / span > ;
*p = < span class = "hl-number" > 0x12345678< / span > ;
value = *p;
printf(< span class = "hl-string" > "addr:%p value:0x%08X\r
< / span > < span class = "hl-string" > ", p, value);
< / span > < strong class = "hl-keyword" > return< / strong > < span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > ;
}
MSH_CMD_EXPORT(stack_protector_test test stack protector test test test test)
< / pre > < / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e120__20250519091517" >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e122__20250519091517" > 系统运行后，执行下列命令，并观察串口终端输出的错误信息和堆栈回溯：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_oh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_oh1_xzw_52c" > stack_protector_test< / pre > < / div >
< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e127__20250519091517" > 串口终端的系统输出示例如下所示：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_qxy_h1x_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_qxy_h1x_52c" > CPU Exception: NO.< span class = "hl-number" > 7< / span >
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x1: < span class = "hl-number" > 4002< / span > bf64 x2: < span class = "hl-number" > 30066270< / span > x3: < span class = "hl-number" > 30042< / span > d8c x4: deadbeef
x5: < span class = "hl-number" > 80007880< / span > x6: < span class = "hl-number" > 300662< / span > b4 x7: deadbeef x8: < span class = "hl-number" > 00000014< / span >
x9: < span class = "hl-number" > 30064212< / span > x10: < span class = "hl-number" > 00000001< / span > x11: < span class = "hl-number" > 80000000< / span > x12: < span class = "hl-number" > 12345678< / span >
x13: < span class = "hl-number" > 00000000< / span > x14: < span class = "hl-number" > 30064226< / span > x15: < span class = "hl-number" > 80000000< / span > x16: < span class = "hl-number" > 30064226< / span >
x17: fffffffd x18: < span class = "hl-number" > 400461< / span > ae x19: < span class = "hl-number" > 400< / span > bddf8 x20: < span class = "hl-number" > 40155f< / span > b8
x21: < span class = "hl-number" > 400< / span > bdf30 x22: < span class = "hl-number" > 0000007f< / span > x23: < span class = "hl-number" > 30044< / span > d04 x24: < span class = "hl-number" > 20636961< / span >
x25: < span class = "hl-number" > 400< / span > c45d4 x26: < span class = "hl-number" > 300641< / span > c2 x27: < span class = "hl-number" > 30064212< / span > x28: < span class = "hl-number" > 00000022< / span >
x29: < span class = "hl-number" > 0000005< / span > c x30: < span class = "hl-number" > 0000000< / span > a x31: deadbeef
mcause : < span class = "hl-number" > 0x38000007< / span >
mtval : < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
mepc : < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400461c4< / span >
mstatus: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x80007880< / span >
__stext:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x40000000< / span > __etext:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x400bdfe0< / span > ,stack:
stack_addr:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064330< / span > stack_addr_end:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x30066330< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000007f< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000009< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400c45c8< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002bf64< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000001b< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30044d8c< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064212< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000007f< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000009< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400c45c8< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x000000fd< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000001b< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30044d8c< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064190< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002b9c0< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064190< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x0dadbeef< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span > < span class = "hl-number" > 0x4001a874< / span >
[backtrace_call_stack:< span class = "hl-number" > 123< / span > ]__stext:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x40000000< / span > __etext:< span class = "hl-number" > 0x400bdfe0< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x400461c4< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002bf64< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002b9c0< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4001a874< / span > < / pre > < / div >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e133__20250519091517" >
< p class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e135__20250519091517" > 将串口终端的输出信息保存为 < span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > txt< / span > 文本，并使用
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< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > panic_parse.py< / span > 进行解析。< / p >
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< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e144__20250519091517" > 假设 backtrace 信息保存在根目录中，保存的输出示例 < span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > txt< / span > 文件为
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< span class = "+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath" > kunlunpi-panic.txt< / span > ，则在 SDK
根目录执行如下操作命令：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_tb2_51x_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_tb2_51x_52c" > python3 tools/scripts/panic_parse.py -l ./kunlunpi-panic.txt< / pre > < / div >
< / li >
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< li class = "- topic/li li" data-ofbid = "d115900e156__20250519091517" > 查看解析后的输出，确定导致异常的具体函数位置。< div class = "- topic/p p" data-ofbid = "d115900e158__20250519091517" > 解析结果示例如下，分析文件指明了函数调用的关系和导致异常的函数具体位置：< pre class = "+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id = "backtrace__codeblock_qh1_xzw_52c" data-ofbid = "backtrace__codeblock_qh1_xzw_52c" > CPU: RISC-V
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ELF: output/d13x_kunlunpi88-nor_rt-thread_helloworld/images/d13x.elf
Toolchain: riscv64-unknown-elf
Text section: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x40000000< / span > - < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400bdfe0< / span > , size: < span class = "hl-number" > 778208< / span > Bytes
---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU Registers:
---------------------------------------------------------------
CPU Exception: < span class = "hl-number" > 7< / span > (Store/AMO Access Fault)
x1 (ra): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002bf64< / span > _msh_exec_cmd at kernel/rt-thread/components/finsh/msh.c:< span class = "hl-number" > 294< / span >
x2 (sp): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30066270< / span >
x3 (gp): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30042d8c< / span >
x4 (tp): < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
x5 (t0): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x80007880< / span >
x6 (t1): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x300662b4< / span >
x7 (t2): < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
x8 (s0/fp): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000014< / span >
x9 (s1): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064212< / span >
x10 (a0): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000001< / span >
x11 (a1): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x80000000< / span >
x12 (a2): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x12345678< / span >
x13 (a3): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
x14 (a4): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064226< / span >
x15 (a5): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x80000000< / span >
x16 (a6): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064226< / span >
x17 (a7): < span class = "hl-number" > 0xfffffffd< / span >
x18 (s2): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400461ae< / span > stack_protector_test at packages/artinchip/lvgl-ui/aic_ui.c:< span class = "hl-number" > 64< / span >
x19 (s3): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400bddf8< / span > __console_init_start at ??:?
x20 (s4): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x40155fb8< / span >
x21 (s5): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400bdf30< / span > __fsymtab_end at ??:?
x22 (s6): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000007f< / span >
x23 (s7): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30044d04< / span >
x24 (s8): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x20636961< / span >
x25 (s9): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x400c45d4< / span >
x26 (s10): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x300641c2< / span >
x27 (s11): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064212< / span >
x28 (t3): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000022< / span >
x29 (t4): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000005c< / span >
x30 (t5): < span class = "hl-number" > 0x0000000a< / span >
x31 (t6): < span class = "hl-number" > 0xdeadbeef< / span >
mcause: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
mtval: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
mepc: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
mstatus: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x00000000< / span >
---------------------------------------------------------------
Call Stack:
---------------------------------------------------------------
Stack section: < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30064330< / span > - < span class = "hl-number" > 0x30066330< / span > , size: < span class = "hl-number" > 8192< / span > Bytes
< span class = "hl-number" > 0< / span > : [< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002bf64< / span > ] _msh_exec_cmd at kernel/rt-thread/components/finsh/msh.c:< span class = "hl-number" > 294< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 1< / span > : [< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4002b9c0< / span > ] finsh_thread_entry at kernel/rt-thread/components/finsh/shell.c:< span class = "hl-number" > 657< / span >
< span class = "hl-number" > 2< / span > : [< span class = "hl-number" > 0x4001a874< / span > ] _thread_exit at kernel/rt-thread/src/thread.c:< span class = "hl-number" > 91< / span > < / pre > < / div > < / li >
< / ol >
< / section >
< / div >
< / article > < / main > < / div >
< / div >
< nav role = "navigation" id = "wh_topic_toc" aria-label = "On this page" class = "col-lg-2 d-none d-lg-block navbar d-print-none" >
< div id = "wh_topic_toc_content" >
< div class = " wh_topic_toc " > < div class = "wh_topic_label" > 在本页上< / div > < ul > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#backtrace__section_mms_zzw_52c" data-tocid = "backtrace__section_mms_zzw_52c" > Backtrace 配置方法< / a > < / div > < / li > < li class = "section-item" > < div class = "section-title" > < a href = "#backtrace__section_ih1_xzw_52c" data-tocid = "backtrace__section_ih1_xzw_52c" > 实例分析< / a > < / div > < / li > < / ul > < / div >
< / div >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< footer class = "navbar navbar-default wh_footer" >
< div class = " footer-container mx-auto " >
< title > footer def< / title >
< style >
.p1 {
font-family: FangZhengShuSong, Times, serif;
}
.p2 {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
.p3 {
font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", monospace;
}
< / style >
< div class = "webhelp.fragment.footer" >
< p class = "p1" > Copyright © 2019-2025 广东匠芯创科技有限公司. All rights reserved.< / p >
< / div >
< div >
< div class = "generation_time" >
2025-07-22 11:15:46 +08:00
Update Time: 2025-05-19
2025-04-23 17:54:31 +08:00
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / footer >
< div id = "go2top" class = "d-print-none" >
< span class = "oxy-icon oxy-icon-up" > < / span >
< / div >
< div id = "modal_img_large" class = "modal" >
< span class = "close oxy-icon oxy-icon-remove" > < / span >
< div id = "modal_img_container" > < / div >
< div id = "caption" > < / div >
< / div >
< script src = "${pd}/publishing/publishing-styles-AIC-template/js/custom.js" defer = "defer" > < / script >
< / body >
< / html >
